明代科道官与廷杖关系考究  

Research on the Relationship Between Supervisory Officials and Tingzhang in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：李先书 Li Xianshu(School of History and Culture,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学历史文化学院,海口571158

出　　处：《西部学刊》2023年第21期111-114,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：明代的科道官有着对君主谏言的职责,而廷杖时常作为君王对于进言者的非正常回应,通过施加廷杖处罚的形式来表明臣子的所言不实以及维护君王的威严。在明史中一共记录157起实施廷杖处罚的案例,施加于科道官的就有68起,占总数的43%,其中明前期1起、明中期63起、明后期4起。从不同时期科道官所受杖刑的数量展开分析可以看到,明前、中、后期科道官的发展同廷杖发生的数量是具有正相关关系的,科道官呈现出从初期的发展到中期的高潮再到末期的衰落这样的变化过程。Supervisory officials in the Ming Dynasty had the duty of admonishing the emperor,and Tingzhang was often used as the emperor's abnormal response to the speaker,and the punishment of Tingzhang was used to show that the minister's words were not true and to maintain the majesty of the emperor.In the history of the Ming Dynasty,there were 157 recorded cases in which Tingzhang was used,68 of which were imposed on supervisory officials,accounting for 43%of the total,including 1 case in the early Ming Dynasty,63 cases in the middle Ming Dynasty,and 4 cases in the late Ming Dynasty.It can be seen from the analysis of the number of Tingzhang suf-fered by supervisory officials in different periods that there is a positive correlation between the development of supervisory officials and the number of appearance of Tingzhang in the early,middle and late Ming Dynasty,and supervisory officials show a changing process from the initial development to the middle climax and then to the end of the decline.

关 键 词：明代 科道官 廷杖 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]