试论美国军队种族歧视问题的缘起  

On the Origin of Racial Discrimination in American Military

作　　者：熊晶 刘雄[1] Xiong Jing;Liu Xiong(School of History and Culture,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学历史文化学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《西部学刊》2023年第21期115-119,共5页Journal of Western

摘　　要：美国军队种族歧视问题缘起于北美殖民地的奴隶制以及对黑人根深蒂固的偏见。经过数次殖民战争以及独立战争,美国军队逐步形成并巩固了一套种族歧视制度,这主要表现为限制黑人加入军队、入伍后歧视性的待遇和养老金。但由于军队自身活动的特殊性,使其种族政策表现出明显的功利主义。追溯美国军队种族歧视的历史缘起,既能深度把握其在种族政策上“歧视与利用”并存的模式,又有助于理解此种模式始终服从于白人种族以及国家的利益,白人至上主义本质不言自明。The problem of racial discrimination in the American military was caused by slavery in the North American colonies and deep-rooted prejudice against blacks.After several colonial wars and the War of Independence,the American army gradually formed and consolidated a set of racial discrimination system,which was mainly manifested in the restriction of blacks to join the army,discriminatory treatment and pension after joining the army.However,due to the particularity of the military's own activities,its racial policy shows obvi-ous utilitarianism.Tracing the historical origin of racial discrimination in the military can not only deeply grasp the mode of"discrimination and exploitation"in the military's racial policy,but also help to understand that this mode always obeys the interests of the white race and the country,and its white supremacy nature is self-evident.

关 键 词：美国军队 种族歧视 黑人士兵 独立战争 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]