球孢白僵菌对管氏肿腿蜂致死和寄生的次代效应  

Intergenerational effects of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana on the mortality and parasitism of the ectoparasitoid Sclerodermus guani(Hymenoptera:Bethylidae)

作　　者：韦云 李莉[1] 张萌萌 潘书梅 WEI Yun;LI Li;ZHANG Meng-Meng;PAN Shu-Mei(College of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2023年第10期1385-1403,共19页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060342,32060068);贵州师范大学学术新苗基金(黔师新苗[2021]A13号)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于自然微栖境中两种寄生性天敌球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana-管氏肿腿蜂Sclerodermus guani之间存在竞争和寄生的复杂关系,探究球孢白僵菌胁迫下寄生蜂的适应性生殖策略,并综合评价寄生蜂亲代携带球孢白僵菌(简称“携菌”)后对自身及其子代的致死和寄生效应。【方法】采用浸虫法用不同浓度(1×10^(4),1×10^(5)和1×10^(6)孢子/mL)球孢白僵菌孢悬液(简称“菌液”)处理亲代(F_(48)代)管氏肿腿蜂雌成蜂后接入装有寄主松墨天牛Monochamus alternatus幼虫的试管中,测定亲代(F_(48)代)雌成蜂及其子代(F_(49)代)雌成蜂的死亡率、累计死亡率和校正死亡率、产卵前期、产卵期、总产卵量及单雌产卵量;子代(F_(49)代)和子二代(F_(50)代)的平均发育历期、存活率、单雌体重及性比(雄性占比),结合时间-剂量-死亡率模型(time-dose-mortality model,TDM)测定球孢白僵菌对F_(48)和F_(49)代雌成蜂致死过程中的剂量效应和时间效应。【结果】亲代(F_(48)代)雌成蜂携菌量随菌液浓度升高而增加,1×10^(4),1×10^(5)和1×10^(6)孢子/mL浓度下平均初始携菌量为0.91×10^(4),1.73×10^(4)和1.95×10^(4)孢子/雌,且能将病原菌传递给下一代(F_(49)代),1×10^(4),1×10^(5)和1×10^(6)孢子/mL浓度下平均携菌量为0.78×10^(4),1.40×10^(4)和1.51×10^(4)孢子/雌;该携菌现象还影响着F_(48)和F_(49)代雌成蜂的寿命与繁殖及其对应子代F_(49)和F_(50)代的适合度。与对照(未接种球孢白僵菌)相比,不同浓度球孢白僵菌孢悬液胁迫时,亲代(F_(48)代)雌成蜂及子代(F_(49)代)雌成蜂的表现发生了一系列显著变化,包括:平均产卵前期明显缩短(F_(48)代缩短了1.03,1.43和2.03 d;F_(49)代缩短了0.30,0.80和1.00 d),平均产卵期延长(F_(48)代延长了0.30,1.00和1.30 d;F_(49)代延长了0.43,0.73和1.43 d),总产卵量增加(F_(48)代增加了4.80,17.16和10.33粒;F_(49)代增加了11.57,25.04和9.14粒),但单雌产�【Aim】Based on the complex relationship of competition and parasitism between two parasitic natural enemies,Beauveria bassiana and Sclerodermus guani in natural microhabitats,the adaptive reproductive strategies of parasitoids under the stress of B.bassiana were investigated,and the lethal and parasitic effects of the parental parasitoid carrying B.bassiana on itself and its offspring were comprehensively evaluated.【Methods】After the female adults of the parent(F_(48) generation)of S.guani were treated with the spore suspension of B.bassiana at different concentrations(1×10^(4),1×10^(5) and 1×10^(6) conidia/mL)by the immersion method,and put into the test tubes containing the host Monochamus alternatus larvae,the mortality,cumulative mortality and corrected mortality,pre-oviposition period,oviposition period,total fecundity(total number of eggs laid)and number of eggs laid per female of the adults of the parent(F_(48) generation),and the mean developmental duration,survival rates,body weight per female and proportion of males of the corresponding offspring(F_(49) and F_(50) generations)were tested,and the dose and time effects of B.bassiana on the female adults of F_(48) and F_(49) generations during the lethal process were also determined by using the time-dose-mortality model(TDM).【Results】The pathogen load of S.guani female adults of the parent(F_(48) generation)increased with increasing concentration of B.bassiana spore suspension,with the average initial pathogen load of about 0.91×10^(4),1.73×10^(4) and 1.95×10^(4) conidia/female,respectively,under the concentrations of 1×10^(4),1×10^(5) and 1×10^(6) conidia/mL.Subsequently,B.bassiana was passed from the female adults of the parent(F_(48) generation)to the offspring(F_(49) generation)of S.guani,with an average initial pathogen load of 0.78×10^(4),1.40×10^(4) and 1.51×10^(4) conidia/female,respectively,under the concentrations of 1×10^(4),1×10^(5) and 1×10^(6) conidia/mL.This phenomenon of carrying B.bassiana by S.guani(F_(48) gener

关 键 词：管氏肿腿蜂 球孢白僵菌 亲代抚育 次代效应 TDM模型 

分 类 号：Q965.8[生物学—昆虫学]