清末资政院纳税多额议员研究  

A Study on Large Taxpayer Members in the Advisory Council in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张嘉玮 ZhangJiawei

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,西安710000

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2023年第10期127-140,共14页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：清末资政院是西方代议制度在中国最早实践的产物,其在诸多方面都具有开创性意义,纳税多额议员的选举便是其一。目前学界对资政院中各类型的议员都已有相关论著,但对纳税多额议员的关注却不多,对其认知也只是停留在表面。从纳税多额议员产生的背景、选举的过程及在资政院开议期间的表现来看,商人参与选举的积极性并不高。这既有商人出于对政府的不信任、受传统“财不露白”思想影响的原因,更与清末仿行日本立宪,对纳税多额议员这一项未能结合国情加以甄别有关。最终当选的10位纳税多额议员,虽然符合议员标准,但多看重籍贯,关注本省议案,私下里往来也并不密切。其在资政院的作用虽然有限,但并非一无是处。更重要的是这次纳税多额议员选举为我国商人参与政权建设起了开创性作用。The late Qing Advisory Council was one of the earliest products of the Western representative system practiced in China,and it had pioneering significance in many aspects,one of which was the election of large taxpayer members.At present,very limited attention has been paid to this type of member.Judging from the background of the members,the election process,and their performance during the sessions of the Advisory Council,it can be inferred that many businessmen as large taxpayer members were not motivated to participate in elections due to their distrust of the government and the influence of the traditional idea of concealing one's wealth.Ten members were eventually chosen based on their tax payment history.They paid most of their attention to provincial bills from their places of origin,and there was little communication inside the group.Therefore,they cannot represent the industrial or commercial class of the whole country.Although their role in the Advisory Council was limited,they were not without achievements.More importantly,this election played a benchmarking role in the participation of businessmen in the construction of the parliamentary election system.

关 键 词：资政院 纳税多额议员 选举 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K252[政治法律—中外政治制度]