黄老学说:法家之东方“别派”与另类的“汉承秦制”  

The Huang-Lao:The Eastern“Faction”of Fajia and the Alternative“Han Cheng Qin Zhi”

作　　者：李禹阶[1] LI Yu-jie(School of History and Society,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学历史与社会学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期46-59,共14页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“秦汉时期的国家建构、民族认同与社会整合研究”(17ZDA180)。

摘　　要：战国后期形成的黄老学说系法家在东方齐地的一门“别派”,由于东方齐地特殊的政治文化,使它与三晋法家和西秦商、韩法家理论都有着重要区别,但是它们的基本共同点则是为建构大一统君主集权政治服务,主张以“法”治国,以“术”“势”驭臣。黄老学说在汉初通过“萧规曹随”,走上帝制时代另类的“汉承秦制”之路,从而使汉初的“汉承秦制”具有更复杂的特点。在文景时期,由于皇权与外戚、宗室、军功大臣之间博奕的张力,促使黄老之学与儒家学派成为维护各派政治利益的理论武器,导致西汉前期政治制度的建构、变革异常错综复杂。The Huang-Lao formed in the late Warring States period belonged to a“faction”of the Fajia in the Eastern Qi kingdom.Because of the special political culture of Qi in the East,it was very different from the other Fajia of Sanjin,and Western Qin,for example,Shang Yang and Han Fei.However,their basic common ground was to serve the construction of a unified monarchy and centralized politics,advocating the rule of law and the control of ministers by means of“skill”and“power”.In the early Han Dynasty,the Huang-Lao theory embarked on the alternative road of“Han Cheng Qin Zhi”in the imperial era through“Xiao Gui Cao Sui”,which made the“Han Cheng Qin Zhi”in the early Han Dynasty more complicated.During the Wen-Jin Period,due to the tension of the struggle between the imperial power and the relatives,the imperial clan and the military ministers,the Huang-Lao and the Confucian became the theoretical weapons to safeguard the political interests of various factions,which made the construction and reform of the political system in the early Western Han Dynasty very complicated.

关 键 词：黄老学说 齐地法家 “汉承秦制” 汉代儒老之争 《黄帝四经》 

分 类 号：K234.1[历史地理—历史学]