汽车中报废尾气催化剂的性质及失效原因  

Analysis on Properties and Failure Causes of Waste Exhaust Catalysts in Automobiles

作　　者：孙士强 靳晨曦 贺文智[1] 李光明[1] 朱昊辰 黄菊文[1] SUN Shiqiang;JIN Chenxi;HE Wenzhi;LI Guangming;ZHU Haochen;HUANG Juwen(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第11期1745-1752,共8页Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”专项(21DZ1209700)。

摘　　要：由于缺乏对废尾气催化剂的全面表征,导致对其物理化学性质及失效原因的了解不完全,影响其中铂族金属的回收。为此,对报废尾气催化剂进行了化学组成和物相、表面元素、微观形貌、粒度、比表面积和热稳定性等一系列性质表征分析,得出其失效原因主要包括铂族金属硫化及磷化中毒、催化剂表面积碳吸附、铂族金属氧化、烧结团聚及铂族金属在载体内的包裹、比表面积和总孔体积缩小等。There is a lack of comprehensive characterization of waste exhaust catalysts,resulting in an incomplete understanding of their physicochemical properties and causes of failures,which affects the recovery of platinum group metals from them.To this end,in this paper,a series of properties such as chemical composition and phases,surface elements,microscopic morphology,particle size,specific surface area and thermal stability were characterized and analyzed for waste exhaust catalysts.It is concluded that the failure causes mainly include sulfide and phosphide poisoning of platinum group metals,carbon adsorption on the catalyst surface,oxidation of platinum group metals,sintering agglomeration and packaging of platinum group metals in the substrate,reduction of specific surface area and total pore volume,etc.

关 键 词：固体废物 三元催化剂 铂族金属 分析表征 失效原因 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]