基于CP-ABE和区块链的时间锁加密电子投票方案  

Time-lock encrypted electronic voting scheme based on CP-ABE and blockchain

作　　者：沈华[1,2] 李博轮 Shen Hua;Li Bolun(School of Computer Science,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学计算机学院,武汉430068 [2]桂林电子科技大学广西可信软件重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《计算机应用研究》2023年第11期3408-3415,3424,共9页Application Research of Computers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61702168);广西可信软件重点实验室研究课题(Kx202014);湖北工业大学绿色工业科技引领计划资助项目(XJ2021000901)。

摘　　要：现有电子投票系统无法同时满足投票数据隐私性、投票者之间的公平性、投票者资格控制的灵活性、投票结果的精准性、投票结果的延时公布等多元应用需求。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于CP-ABE和区块链的时间锁加密电子投票方案。该方案综合考虑了电子投票在实际场景中的多元应用需求,通过结合CP-ABE算法和Fabric技术,将属性加密后的投票链接数据存入区块链账本,满足属性策略的投票用户才能访问其链接,实现了灵活控制投票资格的机制,从而保证能获取针对不同用户群体属性的精确投票结果;基于改进的时间锁加密方案将投票数据进行加密上链,在预计投票结果公布之前为投票数据的机密性提供了保障,避免恶意节点造成合谋攻击问题,同时实现了投票结果延时公布的功能。实验从用户属性限制、投票链接获取、投票数据上链,以及投票结果延时这四个方面验证所提方案的有效性。系统测试结果表明,该方案可以有效地控制投票资格,符合属性策略的投票用户能成功获取投票链接并发送至区块链存储,同时为投票数据的机密性提供了保障。通过性能分析、安全性分析以及对比分析表明了该方案的可行性。The existing electronic voting system cannot meet the requirements of multiple applications,such as voting data privacy,fairness between voters,the flexibility of voter qualification control,the accuracy of voting results,and the delayed publication of voting results.In response to the above problems,this paper proposed a time-locked cryptographic e-voting scheme based on CP-ABE and blockchain.The proposed scheme comprehensively considered the multiple application requirements of electronic voting in practical scenarios.By combining the CP-ABE algorithm and Fabric technology,this proposed scheme could store the attribute encrypted voting links in the blockchain ledger and let only voting users who satisfied the attribute policy access the links,implementing a flexible mechanism for controlling voting eligibility and ensuring accurate voting results for different user groups’attributes.Furthermore,by using an improved time-locked encryption scheme to encrypt the voting data and send them to the blockchain,the proposed scheme guaranteed the confidentiality of voting data before announcing the expected results,preventing malicious nodes from causing collusive attacks and achieving the function of the delayed publication of vo-ting results.The experiment verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in four aspects:user attribute restriction,voting link acquisition,voting data chaining,and voting result delay.The system test results show that this scheme can effectively control voting eligibility(that is,making voting users who comply with attribute policies can successfully obtain voting links and send their voting data to the blockchain for storage)and protect the confidentiality of voting data.Performance,security,and comparative analyses indicate the proposed scheme’s feasibility.

关 键 词：区块链 电子投票 时间锁加密 FABRIC 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]