不同比例玉米秸秆渣对固体基质栽培花叶苦菜产量的影响  

Effect of Different Proportion of Maize Stalk Residue on Yield of Sonchus asper Cultivated in Solid Substrate

作　　者：杨国盟 周杰 叶朋飞 郑继成 张春艳 龚五一 王俊超 Yang Guomeng;Zhou Jie;Ye Pengfei;Zheng Jicheng;Zhang Chunyan;Gong Wuyi;Wang Junchao(Qujing Vocational and Technical College,Qujing 655000,Yunnan,China;Yubaiding Nature Reserve Management Bureau of Yuxi City,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]曲靖职业技术学院,云南曲靖655000 [2]玉溪市玉白顶自然保护区管护局,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2023年第10期18-21,共4页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

基　　金：2022年云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J1784)。

摘　　要：为积极探索我国固体基质多样性,使云南滇东北地区在冬季可吃到新鲜、价格低的花叶苦菜蔬菜,提升农业废弃物的综合利用水平,以花叶苦菜为试材,设置V(红土壤)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=1∶1(T_(1))、V(红土壤)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=3∶1(T_(2))、V(红土壤)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=5∶1(T_(3))、V(红土壤)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=1∶5(T_(4))、V(红土壤)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=1∶3(T_(5))、V(珍珠岩)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=1∶2(T_(6))、V(河砂)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=1∶2(T_(7))、V(椰糠)∶V(玉米秸秆渣)=1∶2(T8)、玉米秸秆渣(T9)等9个栽培基质处理,以当地的红土壤为对照(CK),通过盆栽试验,研究添加不同比例颗粒状玉米秸秆渣在花叶苦菜种植中的应用效果,探索玉米秸秆渣对各栽培基质理化性状、持水能力、花叶苦菜表型性状及产量的影响。结果表明,添加不同比例玉米秸秆渣均能不同程度地改变基质的pH值、电导率、密度及花叶苦菜的产量。T_(2)处理下花叶苦菜的综合评价最佳,产量高;纯玉米秸秆渣处理种植的花叶苦菜,品质较佳;考虑经济成本可选用T_(2)处理,在室外、室内皆可种植;考虑到干净清爽可以选用T9处理,可在阳台种植。In order to actively explore the diversity of solid substrate in China,so that fresh and low-cost Sonchus asper can be eaten in northeast Yunnan Province in winter,and improve the comprehensive utilization level of agricultural waste,the Sonchus asper was taken as the test material.Set V (red soil)∶V (maize stalk residue)=1:1 (T_(1)),V (red soil)∶V (maize stalk residue)=3:1 (T_(2)),V (red soil)∶V (maize stalk residue)=5:1 (T_(3)),V (red soil)∶V (maize stalk residue)=1:5 (T_(4)),V (red soil)∶V (maize stalk residue)=1:3(T_(5)),V (perlite)∶V (maize stalk residue)=1∶2 (T_(6)),V (river sand)∶V (maize stalk residue)=1∶2 (T_(7)),V (coconut bran)∶V (maize stalk residue)=1∶2 (T_8),and maize stalk residue (T_9) were treated with 9 cultivation substrates,and the local red soil was used as control (CK).To study the application effect of adding different proportions of granular maize straw residue in the cultivation of Sonchus asper,and explore the effects of maize straw residue on physical and chemical properties,water holding capacity,phenotypic proper‐ties and yield of Sonchus asper.The results showed that the pH value,conductivity and density of the substrate and the yield of Son‐chus asper were changed by adding different proportion of maize straw residue.Under T_(2)treatment,the comprehensive evaluation was the best and the yield was high.The quality of Sonchus asper planted with pure maize straw residue was better.Considering the economic cost,T_(2)treatment can be selected,which can be planted outdoors and indoors.Considering the clean and refreshing,T_9treatment can be selected,and it can be planted on the balcony.

关 键 词：固体基质 玉米秸秆渣 花叶苦菜 影响 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]