交吾扎坝语的示证范畴  

Evidentiality in Jiaowu nDrapa

作　　者：黄阳 HUANG Yang

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学人文学院中文系,成都611756

出　　处：《民族语文》2023年第4期36-49,共14页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国民族语言形态句法类型学研究(18ZDA298)”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文系统分析了交吾扎坝语的示证体系。依照说话者对句子信息掌握程度的差异,交吾扎坝语的示证范畴可分为感知示证、推断示证、传闻示证、引述示证、叙实示证、新异示证和自知示证。感知示证跟完整体融为一体,而自知示证与体标记、动词屈折变化、零形态等语法形式关系密切。表传闻、引述的示证标记源于“言说义”动词的语法化。叙实示证标记借自藏语。扎坝语丰富的示证类型应该是后期发展出来的,示证体系的演变动因源于说话者在语义—语用表达上的需要。This paper undertakes a systematic survey of the evidential marking in nDrapa.According to the means of expressing information source,as well as the speakers’access to the information,evidentials in nDrapa can be divided into‘sensory’,‘inferential’,‘hearsay’,‘quotative’,‘gnomic’,‘mirative’,and‘egophoric’.Morphologically,‘sensory’is integrated with the perfective.‘Egophoric’is closely related to aspectuality and the internal inflection of verbs;it is sometimes zero-marked.Historically,the‘hearsay’and‘quotative’evidential markers are derived from‘say’verbs;the‘gnomic’evidential marker is borrowed from Khams Tibetan.This paper argues that the evolution of the rich evidential system in nDrapa may start from a late period;it is the semantic-pragmatic aspect that motivates this development.

关 键 词：交吾扎坝语 示证范畴 形态句法 语义—语用因素 

分 类 号：H274[语言文字—少数民族语言]