乌龙哈尼语的复数形式及其表达手段  

Plural Forms and Means of Expression in the Wulong Variety of Hani

作　　者：王草依 WANG Caoyi

机构地区：[1]云南工商学院人文艺术学院,昆明651701

出　　处：《民族语文》2023年第4期76-87,共12页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“哈尼语地理语言学研究(20BYY205)”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乌龙哈尼语属于单数无标记、复数有标记类型。名词、代词、动词均有系统的单、复数对立,名词、代词的复数标记具有强制性。其复数表达手段有重叠和后加标记两种,均伴随有变调现象,可通过变调与否将复数和名动同形等意义区分开来。重叠形式为ABB式,一般出现于疑问代词和复音名词。后加标记则可用于名词、代词、动词来标识数特征,主要来源于表示范围的“所有”、不定量词“一些”和数量短语的语法化形式。In the Wulong variety of the Hani language,the singular forms are unmarked,while the plural forms are marked.Nouns,pronouns,and verbs have systematic singular and plural oppositions,and the plural marking on nouns and pronouns is obligatory.The means for plurality include reduplication and postpositive marking,both devices involving tone sandhi,which can be used to distinguish plural forms from homomorphic object-predicate phrases.The reduplication pattern for plurals is ABB,which generally occurs in interrogative pronouns and polysyllabic nouns.Postpositive markers can be used on nouns,pronouns,and verbs to indicate plurality,which are mainly derived from the grammaticalization of the quantifier meaning‘all’,the indefinite quantifier meaning‘some’and the numeral-quantifier phrases.

关 键 词：哈尼语 复数标记 来源 使用特点 

分 类 号：H254[语言文字—少数民族语言]