全基因组重测序解析不同牦牛类群的系谱及遗传结构  

Genealogy and Genetic Structure of Different Yak Taxa Analyzed by Whole Genome Resequencing

作　　者：王佟 马晓明 余道宁 马超凡 潘和平[3] 梁春年[1,2,3] 扎西塔 阎萍 WANG Tong;MA Xiaoming;YU Daoning;MA Chaofan;PAN Heping;LIANG Chunnian;ZHAXI Ta;YAN Ping(Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yak Breeding Engineering Key Laboratory,Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou 730050,China;College of Life Science and Engineering,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou 730050,China;Qilian County Animal Husbandry Veterinary Workstation,Haibei Prefecture,Qinghai Province,Qilian 810400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃省牦牛繁育工程重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,兰州730050 [3]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730030 [4]青海省海北州祁连县畜牧兽医工作站,祁连810400

出　　处：《中国草食动物科学》2023年第6期1-6,共6页China Herbivore Science

基　　金：祁连牦牛、白藏羊遗传资源申报项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(31920210160-01);现代肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37);甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(20JR5RA580)。

摘　　要：为了解不同牦牛类群的系谱及遗传结构,选择九龙牦牛、天祝白牦牛、斯布牦牛、帕米尔牦牛、木里牦牛、雪多牦牛、祁连牦牛和肃南牦牛为研究对象,进行全基因组重测序。根据基因型数据进行主成分分析、系统发育树、杂合度和连续纯合子片段分析等解析遗传结构。结果表明,8个牦牛群体间均表现出较高的分化程度;8个牦牛群体的理论杂合度在0.354 4~0.360 0之间,其中肃南牦牛的观测杂合度最大,木里牦牛的观测杂合度最小;8个牦牛群体的近交系数在0.022 9~0.136 0之间;帕米尔牦牛群体中检测到的ROH(连续纯合子区域)数量最大,肃南牦牛最少。综上,8个牦牛群体之间没有过多的基因交流,其中祁连牦牛是在长时间的进化发育过程中产生的一个单独的类群。In order to understand the pedigree and genetic structure of yak genetic resources,Jiulong yak,Tianzhu White yak,Sibu yak,Pamir yak,Muli yak,Xueduo yak,Qilian yak and Sunan yak were selected as the research objects for whole genome resequencing.According to the genotype data,principal component analysis,phylogenetic tree,heterozygosity and continuous homozygous fragment analysis were used to analyze the genetic structure.The results showed that there was a high degree of differentiation among the eight yak populations.The theoretical heterozygosity of 8 yak populations ranged from 0.3544 to 0.3600.The observed heterozygosity of Sunan yak was the highest,and the observed heterozygosity of Muli yak was the lowest.The inbreeding coefficient of 8 yak populations ranged from 0.0229 to 0.1360.The number of ROH in the Pamir yak population was the largest,and the Sunan yak was the least.In summary,there is no excessive gene exchange among 8 yak populations,and Qilian yak is a separate group generated during long-term evolution.

关 键 词：全基因组重测序 祁连牦牛 系谱 遗传资源 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]