大理剑川县庭院药用植物资源多样性研究  

Study on the diversity of homegarden medicinal plant resources in Jianchuan county of Dali

作　　者：高红丽 赵春艳[2] 李晓敏 熊勇 GAO Hong-li;ZHAO Chun-yan;LI Xiao-min;XIONG Yong(School of Ethnic Medicine,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650500,China;Kunming Institute of Edible Fungi,All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperation,Kunming 650221,China)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学民族医药学院,云南昆明650500 [2]中华全国供销合作总社昆明食用菌研究所,云南昆明650221

出　　处：《云南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期675-681,共7页Journal of Yunnan Minzu University:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81760655);云南民族大学民族药资源化学国家民委-教育部重点实验室开放课题基金(MZY2104)。

摘　　要：采用半结构关键人物访谈法、自由列举法、参与式观察法等,对剑川县4个乡镇庭院药用植物进行民族植物学研究,了解当地庭院栽培药用植物资源使用现状及其相关传统知识.共采集到庭院植物252种,药用植物有146种,占57.9%,隶属79科,133属.药用部位呈现多样性,庭院植物药用部位数量共计182种,最多的为根状茎及根类,有46种,占总数的25.3%;其次是全草或全株类,有35种,占比19.2%.药用功效类型多样,消肿解毒药(53种,36.30%)和清热药(41种,28.08%)居多.部分庭院药用植物(61种)主要来源于附近野生资源,如滇黄精、滇重楼;很多庭院植物具有多个功能,如景观、篱笆、染料、食用以及文化价值;发现了11种濒危药用珍稀植物.大理剑川县庭院药用植物资源丰富多样,用药独具地方民族特色,庭院植物为当地居民提供文化产品和生活必需品,体现其自然价值;悠久的庭院种植文化为药用植物资源及相关传统知识保存提供了基础.The purpose of this paper is to study the ethnobotany of homegarden medicinal plants in Jianchuan county,and to understand the current situation of local medicinal plant resources and related traditional knowledge.Interviews with semi-structured key figures,free listing and participatory observation were used to investigate the medicinal plants in the homegardens of four villages and towns in Jianchuan county.The total of 252 species of homegaredn plants were collected,of which 146 species were medicinal plants,accounting for 57.9%,belonging to 79 families and 133 genera.The medicinal parts showed diversity.There are 182 kinds of medicinal part,and the most were roots and rhizomes,46 species,accounting for 25.3%of the total,followed by the whole grass or the whole plant,35 species,accounting for 19.2%.There are various types of medicinal efficacy,most of which are detumescence and detoxification drugs(53 species,36.30%)and heat-clearing drugs(41 species,28.08%).Some homegarden medicinal plants(61 species,41.78%)are mainly derived from nearby wild resources,such as Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl.and Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis(Franch.)Hand.-Mzt.;many homegarden plants have multiple functions,such as landscapes,fences,dyes and food;11species of endangered medicinal rare plants were found.The homegarden medicinal plant resources in Jianchuan county of Dali are rich and diverse,and the medication has unique local ethnic characteristics.Homegarden plants provide local residents with cultural products and daily necessities,reflecting their natural value.The long history of courtyard planting provides the basis for the preservation and development of medicinal plant resources and related traditional knowledge,and contributes to the development of local Bai medical treatment.

关 键 词：庭院植物 药用资源 白族 民族植物学 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]