家庭环境和行为因素与学龄儿童不同程度近视的关联作用分析  

Correlation Analysis on Family Environmental and Behavioral Factors on Different Degrees of Myopia in School-age Children

作　　者：张斌[1] 金红 李建军 李良[1] 崔新雯 付天天 徐建方[1] ZHANG Bin;JIN Hong;LI Jianjun;LI Liang;CUI Xinwen;FU Tiantian;XU Jianfang(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Lu'an Road Primary School,China Railway International City Campus,Hefei 230041,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]六安路小学中铁国际城校区,安徽合肥230041

出　　处：《体育科研》2023年第6期78-84,共7页Sport Science Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2020YFC2007001)。

摘　　要：目的:从家庭环境和行为因素角度分析影响学龄儿童近视程度的因素,为制定学龄儿童近视防控策略提供参考数据。方法:对合肥市两所小学1~4年级学生进行屈光度检查和问卷调查,建立轻度和中高度近视logistics回归模型筛选不同程度近视影响因素。结果:共调查1~4年级小学生1824人,总体近视检出率为18.1%,以轻度近视为主且随年龄增长逐渐增加;多因素logistics回归结果显示,单亲近视/双亲近视、经常揉眼睛、经常使用抗疲劳眼药水和每周户外活动时间不超过3 d与轻度近视的关联程度较高;双亲近视、读写时头倾斜>30°和经常使用抗疲劳眼药水与中高度近视的关联程度较高;每周户外活动时间少于3 d(OR=1.770,95%CI:1.033~3.035)轻度近视的发生风险相对较低。结论:父母近视、读写姿势、用眼卫生习惯和户外活动时间与学龄儿童不同程度近视的关联程度较高,应针对上述因素采取综合措施防控学龄儿童近视的发生和发展。Objective:This study aims to investigate the influencing factors in different degrees of myopia,which provides reference data for exploring the related elements of children's myopia and developing myopia prevention and control work.Methods:Ocular examination and questionnaire survey methods were implied to investigate the 1-4 grades of students in Hefei.Using hierarchical logistics regression to analyze the factors related to the occurrence of different degrees of myopia.Results:A total of 1824 primary school students were involved in this study,and the detection rate of myopia was 18.1%.The positive rate of myopia also increased with the increase of age.The results of stratified analysis showed that the main factors affecting mild myopia were parental myopia,usually rubbing the eyes,using anti-fatigue eye drops and outdoor activity less than 3 days per week.The main factors affecting moderate and high myopia were parental myopia,tilt head>30°when reading and writing,and using anti-fatigue eye drops.Particularly,outdoor activity less than 3 days per week was negatively associated with mild myopia.Conclusion:The main factors affecting different degrees of myopia in school-age children are parental myopia,the habits and posture of using eyes.Comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control the occurrence and development of myopia in school-age children.

关 键 词：环境因素 行为因素 学龄儿童 不同程度近视 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]