汉语双音与三音弹性词分析  

Chinese disyllabic and trisyllabic elastic words

作　　者：侯瑞芬[1] HOU Ruifen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所/辞书编纂研究中心,北京

出　　处：《中国语文》2023年第6期681-692,767,共13页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“基于《现代汉语词典》的词汇计量研究”(20BYY170)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：汉语的弹性词意义相同或相近而词长可变,这是交际需求与省力原则互动的结果。由短而长是语义表达的需要,伴随着语义的充实,同时也是汉语的一种形态表现;而由长而短是省力原则作用的结果,一方面保证了用最短的形式表达最多的意义,另一方面也保证了词汇不会无限延长,是汉语构词的需要。Chinese elastic words are words which share the same meaning but differ in word length.This is resulted from the interaction between communication needs and the principle of least effort.The variation from short to long reflects the need of expression by means of semantic enrichment as a morphological device in Chinese.The variation from long to short,on the other hand,is an outcome of the principle of least effort.It ensures that sufficient meaning is expressed in the shortest form and prevents word length from being extended indefinitely.This is the need of Chinese word formation as well.

关 键 词：三音词 双音词 弹性词长 省力原则 语义充实 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]