量值异质性统计模型评估我国地方饮用水水质标准  

Quantitative Heterogeneity Statistical Model for Assessment of Local Drinking Water Quality Standards in China

作　　者：郑蓓[1] 李红岩[1] 王新 龚迪慧 李洁[1] ZHENG Bei;LI Hong‑yan;WANG Xin;GONG Di‑hui;LI Jie(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco‑Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第21期40-48,共9页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：中国科学院关键技术人才项目(E1Y1880101);中国科学院技术支撑人才项目(E1Y1880103)。

摘　　要：建立了水质标准量值异质性统计模型,利用算术加和、Sørensen-Dice index、Kendall correlation、限值比值等统计学手段,分析了上海、张家口、深圳和海口的饮用水水质标准与《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2022)、世界卫生组织颁布的Guidelines for Drinking‑water Quality、美国环保局颁布的2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables之间的数量异质性和限值异质性。结果显示,地方标准与《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749—2022)的异质性最小,异质指标主要为微生物、消毒副产物、内分泌干扰物和兴奋剂等指标,同质指标中约29%的指标限值低于(GB 5749—2022),70%指标的限值一致。在国际准则/标准中,地方标准与美国环保局颁布的饮用水标准更相似,异质指标主要为农药和大宗化学品,60%的同质指标限值低于国际准则/限值。A water quality quantitative heterogeneity statistical model was established to analyze the quantitative heterogeneity and limit values heterogeneity among the local drinking water quality standards(Shanghai,Zhangjiakou,Shenzhen and Haikou)and the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2022),the Guidelines for Drinking‑water Quality issued by the World Health Organization,and the 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables issued by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA)through the statistical methods such as arithmetic addition,Sørensen‑Dice index,Kendall correlation and ratios of standard limits.The heterogeneity between the local standard and the Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2022)was minimal.The heterogeneous indexes were mainly microorganisms,disinfection by‑products,endocrine disruptors and stimulants.Approximately 29%of the homogeneous indexes had lower limit values than those specified in Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB 5749-2022),and 70%of the indexes had consistent limit values.Compared to the international regulations/standards,the local standards referenced more to the drinking water standards issued by the USEPA,the heterogeneous indicators were mainly pesticides and bulk chemicals,and the limits of 60%of the homogeneous indicators were lower than the international guidelines/limits.

关 键 词：饮用水 水质标准 指标差异 异质性分析 统计模型 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]