6013铝合金挤压型材在线淬火温度场模拟与优化  

Simulation and optimization of on-line quenching temperature field for 6013 aluminum alloy extruded profiles

作　　者：蔡知之 张瑞芳 赵帆 张志豪 CAI Zhizhi;ZHANG Ruifang;ZHAO Fan;ZHANG Zhihao(Foshan Sanshui Fenglu Aluminium Co.,Ltd.,Enterprises Key Laboratory of Guangdong Aluminum Profile Processing and Equipment,Foshan 528133,China;Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司广东省铝型材加工与装备企业重点实验室,广东佛山528133 [2]北京科技大学新材料技术研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《轻合金加工技术》2023年第8期33-38,共6页Light Alloy Fabrication Technology

摘　　要：大规格复杂断面型材在线淬火过程中温度场的均匀性对型材质量控制有着重要意义。本研究以一种新能源汽车用6013铝合金空心复杂断面挤压型材为例,通过试验测试了6013铝合金在空冷、喷雾冷和水冷三种冷却方式下的冷却曲线,根据反传热法求出三种条件下的平均换热系数,分别为0.00005 W/(m^(2)·℃)、160 W/(m^(2)·℃)和5 kW/(m^(2)·℃)。有限元数值模拟研究表明,型材整体喷雾冷却时,温度场出现不均匀的情况。冷却12 s时,最高温为110℃,最低温47℃,温差最大达到了63℃。因此,提出了一种分区冷却的方法,通过调整型材侧翼、底板、连接处等位置的喷雾冷却水流量,提高了冷却过程温度场的均匀性。优化后,冷却12 s时,型材的最大温差减小到8.5℃。The uniformity of temperature field during on-line quenching of large and complex profiles is of great significance to the quality control.In this paper,the extrusion profile of 6013 aluminum alloy with a hollow complex section for new energy vehicles is taken as an example.The cooling curves of 6013 aluminum alloy under three cooling methods of air cooling,spray cooling and water cooling are measured through experiments.The average heat transfer coefficient under the three conditions are calculated according to the inverse heat transfer method,i.e.0.00005 W/(m^(2)·℃),160 W/(m^(2)·℃)and 5 kW/(m^(2)·℃)respectively.The finite element numerical simulation shows that the temperature field is not uniform during the whole mist cooling of profiles.When cooling for 12 s,the highest temperature is 110℃,the lowest temperature is 47℃,and the maximum temperature difference reaches 63℃.Therefore,a zone-based cooling method is proposed to improve the uniformity of temperature field by adjusting the flow rate of mist cooling on profile wings,bottom plates and connections.After optimization,the maximum temperature difference of the profiles is reduced to 8.5℃when cooling for 12 s.

关 键 词：铝合金 在线淬火 温度场 数值模拟 分区冷却 

分 类 号：TG166.3[金属学及工艺—热处理]