张衡一号卫星探测的赤道附近电场分布及其与电离层分布的关系  

Distribution of Equatorial Electric Field and Its Relation with Ionosphere Distribution Detected by the ZH-1 Satellite

作　　者：何宏玮 王秀英 赵国存 杨德贺 王桥 黄建平 HE Hongwei;WANG Xiuying;ZHAO Guocun;YANG Dehe;WANG Qiao;HUANG Jianping(National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京100085

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2023年第5期821-832,共12页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目资助(42104159)。

摘　　要：利用张衡一号卫星搭载的电场探测仪(Electric Field Detector,EFD)获得的VLF频段2019年电场功率谱数据,研究赤道附近区域近东西向电场的背景分布、季节变化以及与电离层背景的关系。结果表明:白天电场背景在赤道及其附近随季节呈不同波形结构,以3波、4波为主;夜间电场背景规律性稍差,仍呈随季节变化的经向波形结构分布特征;白天电场背景与电离层背景的季节变化呈高度正相关性,春秋季为峰值;夜间电场背景的季节变化特征是夏冬季峰值,与夜间电离层背景整体上呈负相关性。VLF电场功率谱观测数据与电离层观测数据在较大和较小空间尺度上的统计特征上都具有一致性。EFD载荷为电离层相关科学问题的研究及应用提供了一个可以使用的电场观测数据集。The nearly east-west power spectral density data of VLF band in 2019,obtained by the Zhangheng-1 satellite,are used to carry out studies on the background distribution of the equatorial electric field,its seasonal variations,as well as its relation with the background ionosphere.The results are as follows:variations of waveform distributions with the season are shown for the daytime equatorial electric field background in the equator and its adjacent regions,with wave number 3 and wave number 4 being the dominant structure;the longitude waveform distribution and its variation with the season can be seen from the spatial distribution of nighttime field background though its regularity is weaker than that of the daytime data;the daytime electric field background has a highly positive correlation with the ionospheric background,with a seasonal variation patter of spring-autumn peaks;Seasonal variation of equatorial nighttime electric field background is characterized by summer and winter peaks,and the correlation between the two is generally negative.Therefore,the spatiotemporal distribution of the electric field background and its correlation with the ionosphere background suggests that the electric field observations are consistent with the ionospheric observations in terms of statistical features obtained both from large as well as relatively small spatial scales.The EFD payload,as one of the payloads that produces the most data,provides a usable dataset for the study of ionosphere-related scientific problems.

关 键 词：张衡一号卫星 空间电场探测 电场功率谱 电场时空变化 电子密度分布 

分 类 号：P352[天文地球—空间物理学]