基于有限元的农用拖拉机挡泥板弯曲成形分析及优化  

Finite Element-based Analysis and Optimization of Agricultural Tractor Fender Bending

作　　者：王硕 吴艳 马炎漫 曾如铁 熊锦林 WANG Shuo;WU Yan;MAYan-man;ZENG Ru-tie;XIONG Jin-in(College of Mechanical Engineering/Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430048,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学机械工程学院,湖北武汉430048

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期782-791,共10页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：混晶调控改善再结晶纳米变形镁合金热稳定性机制模型研究(D20221606)。

摘　　要：借助DYNAFORM有限元软件建立农用拖拉机挡泥板弯曲成形的有限元模型,分析厚度、压边力、冲压速度、摩擦系数和凹凸模间隙对其弯曲回弹的影响规律,研究6061铝合金农用拖拉机挡泥板的回弹问题。在数值模拟的基础上,通过正交优化分析得出:在一定范围内,农用拖拉机挡泥板的回弹量与厚度、压边力、冲压速度、摩擦系数呈现负相关关系,与凸凹模间隙呈现先负后正相关关系;影响回弹量的因素排列次序为压边力、凹凸模间隙、厚度、摩擦系数、冲压速度;最优参数组合为厚度2 mm,压边力300 kN,冲压速度5000 mm∙s-1,摩擦系数0.65及凹凸模间隙1.65 mm。同时,基于工艺参数优化,采用等效拉延筋和回弹补偿策略共同控制该制件的回弹,结果分析表明:等效拉延筋起到降低回弹程度的作用;回弹补偿策略能够有效地减小回弹量。本项研究表明,采用工艺参数控制法、等效拉延筋法和回弹补偿策略能够有效地控制农用拖拉机挡泥板的弯曲回弹程度,为挡泥板实际生产加工过程提供坚实的理论基础与可靠的数值依据。With the help of Dynaform finite element software to establish the finite element model of agricultural tractor fender bending and forming,we analyzed the thickness,crimping force,stamping speed,friction coefficient and concave and convex mode gap,and studied the resilience of 6061 aluminum alloy agricultural tractor fender.On the basis of numerical simulation,through orthogonal optimization analysis,it is concluded that,within a certain range,the rebound quantity of agricultural tractor fender is negatively correlated with the thickness,crimping force,stamping speed and friction coefficient,and negatively correlated with the concave-convex mold gap;the factors affecting the rebound quantity are in the order of crimping force,concave-convex mold gap,thickness,friction coefficient,stamping speed,the optimal parameter combination of the thickness of 2 mm,crimping force of 300 kN,concave-convex mold gap,friction coefficient,stamping speed.The optimal parameter combination is thickness of 2 mm,crimping force of 300 kN,stamping speed of 5000 mm•s-1,friction coefficient of 0.65 and die clearance of 1.65 mm.Meanwhile,based on the optimization of process parameters,the rebound of the part is controlled by the equivalent stretching bar and the rebound compensation strategy,the results shows that:the equivalent stretching bar plays a role in reducing the degree of rebound;the rebound compensation strategy can effectively reduce the amount of rebound.This study shows that the process parameter control method,the equivalent stretching bar method and the rebound compensation strategy can effectively control the degree of bending rebound of the agricultural tractor fender,and provide a solid theoretical basis and a reliable numerical basis for the actual production process of the fender plate.

关 键 词：农用拖拉机挡泥板 数值模拟 正交试验 回弹优化及补偿 

分 类 号：TG389[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]