一流大学卓越工程师核心素养构成及发展状况调查——基于学生视角的探索性研究  

Investigation on the Development Status of Key Competencies of Excellent Engineers in a First Class Universities--Exploratory Research Based on Students'Perspective

作　　者：刘怡 张炜 Liu Yi;Zhang Wei

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学高等教育研究所 [2]中国高等教育学会学术发展咨询委员会

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2023年第6期59-65,共7页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：国家社科基金社科学术社团主题学术活动资助项目“我国高等教育治理现代化关键问题研究”(22STA010);西北工业大学教育教学改革研究项目“高水平行业特色大学卓越工程人才培养模式的研究与实践”(2023JGZ28);西北工业大学特色文科发展计划“高质量发展理念下行业特色大学卓越工程师素质的结构、评估与提升路径研究”(23GH030636)。

摘　　要：卓越工程师是国家重要的战略人才力量,研究其核心素养构成要素及发展状况是新时代卓越工程师培养的重要基础。基于对某一流大学建设高校2460名工程专业本科生的问卷调查发现,知识、技能和能力是核心素养的构成要素,学生最重视数学、物理、化学与工程科学的基础知识,将工程科学知识应用于实践的技能以及自我驱动和激励的能力,且大一学生比高年级学生更重视这些知识、技能和能力。学生最欠缺的是经济和商业知识、领导力、好奇心和持续学习的渴望。从学生视角出发,新时代卓越工程师素养提升需要构建满足学生成长发展需要的课程体系,通过产学研深度融合提高学生解决工程问题的综合技能,发掘学生的优势和潜能、帮助学生形成积极的学习动机。Excellent engineers are an important strategic talent force in a country,and studying their key competencies components and development status is an important foundation for cultivating outstanding engineers in the new era.Based on a questionnaire survey of 2460 engineering undergraduates in a firstclass university,it is found that knowledge,skills and abilities are the components of key competencies.Students attach the most importance to the basic knowledge of mathematics,physics,chemistry and engineering science,the skills to apply engineering science knowledge to practice,and the ability to drive and motivate themselves.The freshmen pay more attention to these knowledge,skills and abilities than their seniors.What students lack the most are economic and business knowledge,leadership,curiosity,and a desire for continuous learning.From the perspective of students,improving the quality of outstanding engineers in the new era requires constructing a curriculum system that meets the growth and development needs of students.Through deep integration of industry,academia,and research,students'comprehensive skills in solving engineering problems can be improved,and their strengths and potential can be explored to help them form positive learning motivation.

关 键 词：卓越工程师 核心素养 构成要素 发展状况 学生视角 

分 类 号：TB-4[一般工业技术] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]