膨胀土基质环境下生态岸坡防护结构植生效果分析  

Analysis on Vegetation Effect of Ecological Bank Slope Protection Structure in Expansive Soil Matrix Environment

作　　者：杨燕华[1] 许海勇 雷泽鑫 王金鹤 YANG Yanhua;XU Haiyong;LEI Zexin;WANG Jinhe(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport,Tianjin 300456,China;Anhui Provincial Group Limited for Yangtze-to-Huaihe Water Diversion,Heifei 230000,China;School of Architecture,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所,天津300456 [2]太原理工大学建筑学院,山西太原030024 [3]安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2023年第5期1140-1154,共15页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979132);安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司科技项目(YJJH-ZX-20220705482,YJJH-ZX-20221128512);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(TKS20220106)。

摘　　要：现有膨胀土岸坡防护研究集中在土体性质和边坡稳定措施,对于膨胀土区域因工程建设形成的人工创面的生态修复问题研究则较少.针对国家重大调水工程“引江济淮”,通过资料梳理,总结了膨胀土集中区分水岭段的岸坡防护方法.基于试验段现场效果分析,研究了膨胀土段典型生态岸坡防护段植被的生长效果.研究结果表明:试验段喷播狗牙根成活率极低,根本原因是换填水泥改性土隔绝了上下水分之间的连通;试验段茎植狗牙根成活率高、成坪快,说明植被种植方式对其成活率有较大影响;当地乡土野生植物生长旺盛,以豆科和菊科植物为优势种,可用作早期固土先锋植被;试验段采用了大框格结构及水土保持毯两种岸坡生态防护结构,存在土体流失严重和保水性差的问题,提出了针对性的结构优化措施.研究成果对引江济淮工程以及其他膨胀土区域岸坡防护工程的建设具有参考价值.Existing researches on the protection of expansive soil bank slopes focus on soil properties and slope stabilization measures,and there are few studies on the ecological restoration of artificial wound surfaces in expansive soil areas due to engineering construction.In this paper,the bank slope protection methods for the watershed section of the expansive soil concentration area have been summarized through data combing based on the national major water transfer project"Yangtze River-to-Huaihe River Water Transfer Project".Moreover,based on the field effect analysis of the test section,the vegetation growth effect of the typical ecological bank slope protection section in the expansive soil area has been studied.The research results show that the survival rate of sprayed bermudagrass in the test section is extremely low.The fundamental reason is that the replacement of cement modified soil isolates the connection between the upper and lower water;the survival rate of bermudagrass planted by stem in the test section is high with quick forming turf speed,indicating that the planting method of vegetation has a greater impact on its survival rate;the local native wild plants grow vigorously,with legumes and compositae as the dominant species,which can be used as early soil-fixing pioneer vegetation;the test section adopted two types of ecological bank slope protection structures:a large sash structure and a water-soil conservation blanket,and there were serious soil erosion and poor water retention problems,and targeted structural optimization measures were proposed.The research results have reference value for the construction of Yangtze River-to-Huaihe River Water Transfer Project and the bank slope protection projects in other expansive soil areas.

关 键 词：膨胀土 生态防护 植被 大框格 水土保持毯 引江济淮工程 

分 类 号：TV861[水利工程—水利水电工程]