不同土壤水分灌溉下限对日光温室黄瓜养分吸收及产质量的影响  

Effects of Different Lower Limits of Soil Moisture Irrigation on Nutrient Absorption and Yield and Quality of Cucumber in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：廉晓娟[1] 梁新书[1] 王艳[1] 王正祥[1] LIAN Xiaojuan;LIANG Xinshu;WANG Yan;WANG Zhengxiang(Agricultural Resources and Environmental Research Institute,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Science,Tianjin 300192)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第22期44-47,55,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(17YFZCNC00280)。

摘　　要：为探索日光温室黄瓜自动化种植适宜的水肥管理参数,采用田间小区试验的方法,研究了不同土壤水分灌溉下限对设施黄瓜养分吸收、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:土壤水分灌溉下限为70%田间持水量时,黄瓜产量最高,节水节肥效果明显;植株和果实氮、磷、钾养分吸收量较高,黄瓜品质改善明显;与土壤水分灌溉下限为95%田间持水量的处理相比,增产7.19%,节水33.33%,节肥55.56%;硝酸盐含量降低4.77%,VC含量增加9.18%,可溶性总糖含量增加19.28%。综合来看,土壤水分灌溉下限为70%田间持水量时,既能确保黄瓜高产,又能提高黄瓜植株和果实中养分吸收量,提高黄瓜品质。因此,土壤水分灌溉下限为70%田间持水量可以作为秋冬茬黄瓜自动化水肥管理的理想灌溉参数。In order to explore the automatic irrigation parameters of water and fertilizer for cucumber in solar greenhouse,this paper studied the effects of different lower limits of soil moisture irrigation on nutrient absorption and yield and quality of cucumber in solar greenhouse by field plot experiment.The results showed that when the lower limit of soil moisture irrigation was 70%of the field water capacity,cucumber yield was the highest,and the water-saving and fertilizer-saving effect were significant.The absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients of plants and fruits was relatively high,and the quality of cucumber was significantly improved.Compared with the treatment with the lower limit of soil moisture irrigation being 95%of the field water capacity,the yield increased by 7.19%,the water-saving rate was 33.33%,and the fertilizer-saving rate was 55.56%,the nitrate content decreases by 4.77%,the VC content increases by 9.18%,and the total soluble sugar content increases by 19.28%.Overall,when the lower limit of soil moisture irrigation was 70%of the field capacity,it could not only ensure high yield of cucumber,but also increase nutrient absorption of cucumber plants and fruits,and improve cucumber quality.Therefore,the lower limit of soil moisture irrigation is 70%of the field capacity,which can be used as an ideal irrigation parameter for automated water and fertilizer management of autumn and winter cucumber crops.

关 键 词：土壤水分 灌溉下限 黄瓜 养分吸收 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]