气藏型地下储气库天然气损耗量研究进展与建议  

Research progress and suggestion on natural gas loss of gas reservoir UGSs

作　　者：胥洪成[1,2] 刘君兰 丁国生 李晓松[3] 范家屹 宋丽娜[1,2] 郭世超 赵凯 裴根[1,2] XU Hongcheng;LIU Junlan;DING Guosheng;LI Xiaosong;FAN Jiayi;SONG Lina;GUO Shichao;ZHAO Kai;PEI Gen(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;CNPC Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Underground Storage Engineering,Langfang,Hebei 065007,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company,Changchun,Jilin 130607,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油天然气集团有限公司油气地下储库工程重点实验室 [3]中国石油吉林油田公司勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2023年第10期149-155,共7页Natural Gas Industry

摘　　要：天然气损耗量是直接影响地下储气库(以下简称储气库)安全生产和效益运营的关键参数,随着储气库的注采运行,天然气损耗准确评价显得越来越重要。国内对天然气损耗量的评价技术目前仍处于初级阶段,现有评价体系适用性较为受限。为此,在调研国内外关于地下储气库天然气损耗产生原因、天然气损耗量评价方法、天然气损耗监控措施等方面研究的基础上,梳理了储气库天然气损耗量评价和控制方法,并对预防我国储气库天然气损耗方面提出了管理建议。研究结果表明:①天然气损耗产生的原因主要包括储气地质体因素、井筒因素和地面设施因素,其中井筒因素和地面设施因素造成的损耗量低、易监控和计量,储气地质体因素造成的损耗隐蔽、难以直接计量。②定容气藏型储气库损耗计算方法主要有库存核实法和状态方程法,强水驱气藏型储气库主要采用产能变化分析法来估算损耗量。③成熟天然气市场国家的储气库建有完备的监检测系统,在运行过程中会持续跟踪与优化生产情况,定期开展天然气损耗量评价,并利用四维地质力学方法进行仿真模拟与在线预警。结论认为,我国储气库应完善储气地质体-井筒-地面“三位一体”的监检测系统,重视全生命周期动态监测与损耗评价,保障储气库安全高效运行。The natural gas loss volume is a key parameter which directly influences the safe production and benefit operation of underground gas storages(UGSs).With the operation of UGSs,the accurate evaluation of natural gas loss becomes more and more important.At present,the natural gas loss volume evaluation technologies in China are still in the initial stage,and the existing evaluation systems are limited in applicability.To this end,this paper investigates domestic and foreign researches on the causes of natural gas loss in UGSs,the methods to evaluate natural gas loss volume,and the measures to monitor natural gas loss,analyzes the methods to evaluate and control the natural gas loss volume of UGSs,and proposes the management suggestions to prevent natural gas loss in domestic UGSs.And the following research results are obtained.First,the main factors causing natural gas loss include gas-storage geological body,wellbore and surface facility.The loss caused by the factors of wellbore and surface facility is small in quantity and can be monitored and measured easily,while the loss caused by the factor of gas-storage geological body is concealed and cannot be measured directly.Second,the methods for calculating the natural gas loss volume of constant-volume gas reservoir UGSs mainly include inventory verification method and equation of state method,and the natural gas loss volume of the gas reservoir UGSs with strong water driving is estimated mainly by using the productivity change analysis method.Third,the UGSs in the countries with mature natural gas markets have a complete monitoring and measuring system,which can continuously follow up and optimize the production during the operation,evaluate the natural gas loss volume periodically,and provide simulation and online warning by using the four-dimension geomechanics method.In conclusion,it is necessary to improve the monitoring and measuring system of gas-storage geological body,wellbore and surface for domestics UGSs,and focus on the life-cycle performance monitorin

关 键 词：地下储气库 枯竭气藏 天然气损耗 损耗构成 损耗机理 损耗评价方法 监控措施 

分 类 号：TE972.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]