生育支持政策体系构建:内涵、价值与路径  

The Construction of a Fertility-Support Policy System: Connotation, Value, and Path

作　　者：史毅[1] 韩润霖 SHI Yi;HAN Runlin

机构地区：[1]中国人口与发展研究中心,北京100081 [2]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2023年第6期116-126,共11页Journal of Beijing administration institute

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金规划项目“北京市普惠型托育体系构建的理论与实践研究”(21SRC022)。

摘　　要：基于国内外文献和政策实践的梳理,讨论生育支持的概念内涵、行动主体、政策内容和逻辑框架,分析生育支持政策的多元价值和困难挑战,测算建立生育支持基本制度的政策成本,并提出构建生育支持政策体系的思考与建议。研究发现,我国生育支持政策仍处于早期发展阶段,存在覆盖对象较单一、责任主体不明确、目标效果不清晰、支持内容不完善、政策协调不顺畅等问题。建议优先解决主要矛盾,建立以生育保险、普惠托育和生殖健康为核心的基本制度,保障政策投入和实施的稳定性与持续性,强化部门协同,提升政策公平性和包容性,处理好成本与效益、目标与对象、公平与效率、核心与配套、内部性与外部性的关系,最终形成覆盖面广、形式丰富、针对性强、稳定持续的生育支持政策体系。On the basis the review of domestic and foreign literature and policy practice,this article discusses the concept connotation,action body,policy content,and logical framework of birth support,analyzes the multi⁃ple values and difficulties of birth-support policy,calculates the policy cost of establishing a basic birth-sup⁃port system,and puts forward thoughts and suggestions on constructing a birth-support policy system.The re⁃search finds that China’s birth-support policy is still in the early stage of development,and there are problems such as relatively simple objects to be covered,ambiguous subjects of responsibility,unclear target effects,im⁃perfect support contents,and poor policy coordination.It is suggested that priority should be given to resolving the main contradictions,the basic systems with birth insurance,universal childcare,and reproductive health as the core should be established,that the stability and sustainability of input and implementation of policies should be ensured,that departmental coordination should be strengthened,that policies should be made to be fairer and more inclusive,and that the relationship between cost and benefit,between goals and objects,be⁃tween fairness and efficiency,between the core and the complementary,and between internality and externality should be handled,so as to finally form a stable and sustainable policy system with wide coverage,rich forms,strong targeting.

关 键 词：生育支持 家庭发展 人口战略 政策路径 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]