连续与短切CF增强PA6复合材料双喷头3D打印工艺参数优化  

Process Parameters for Dual-Nozzle 3D Printing of Continuous and Chopped CF Composite Materials

作　　者：苏文璐 卢立成 钱波 茅健 张立强 刘钢 Su Wenu;Lu Licheng;Qian Bo;Mao Jian;Zhang Liqiang;Liu Gang(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201600,China;Zhiyuan Advanced Manufacturing Research Center,Chengdu 610000,China;Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for Large Complex Thin-walled Components in the Aerospace Industry of the Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai 201600,China;Sichuan Research Institute,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201600 [2]成都智远先进制造技术研究院,成都610000 [3]机械工业航空大型复杂薄壁构件智能制造技术重点实验室,上海201600 [4]上海交通大学四川研究院,成都610000

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2023年第11期71-77,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0366);天府峨眉计划专项资助项目(川峨眉第2018号)。

摘　　要：为提升连续碳纤维(CF)和短切CF增强尼龙6复合材料3D打印制件的力学性能、优化3D打印基础工艺参数,基于熔融沉积型3D打印工艺,通过自主搭建的双喷头3D打印实验平台制备打印制件,并以此为研究对象,设计4因素3水平正交试验,研究连续CF隔层数、连续CF打印间距、打印温度、打印速度四种工艺参数对打印制件拉伸强度和弯曲强度的影响。采用极差分析法得到最佳工艺参数组合,验证正交试验结果。使用扫描电子显微镜观察拉伸制件和弯曲制件的断裂面微观形貌,进一步探究了打印制件的层间断裂形貌特性和层内丝材分布规律。结果表明,当连续CF隔层数为1、连续CF打印间距为0.5 mm、打印温度为250℃、打印速度为900 mm/s时,打印制件的层内沉积线之间孔隙较少,层间结合效果较好,其拉伸强度和弯曲强度达到最高,分别为109.73 MPa和119.14 MPa,与短切CF增强尼龙6复合材料相比,拉伸强度提升了249%,弯曲强度提升了286%。To enhance the mechanical properties of 3D printed components made from continuous carbon fiber(CF) and chopped CF reinforced nylon 6 composites,and to optimize the foundational 3D printing process parameters,a study was conducted.Utilizing the fused deposition modeling(FDM) 3D printing technique and a self-constructed dual-nozzle 3D printing experimental platform,printed components were fabricated as the subject of research.A four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate the influence of four process parameters:continuous CF layer separation,continuous CF printing spacing,printing temperature,and printing speed,on the tensile strength and flexural strength of the printed components.The Taguchi analysis method was employed to determine the optimal combination of process parameters and validate the results of the orthogonal experiment.Furthermore,scanning electron microscopy was utilized to observe the microstructure of the fracture surfaces of both tensile and flexural specimens.This allowed for further exploration of interlayer fracture morphology characteristics and filament distribution patterns within the printed components.The results demonstrate that when the continuous CF layer separation is set to 1,continuous CF printing spacing is 0.5 mm,printing temperature is 250 ℃,and printing speed is 900 mm/s,the printed components exhibites minimal interlayer voids,excellent interlayer bonding,continuous CF reinforced nylon 6 composites achieves the highest tensile strength of 109.73 MPa and flexural strength of 119.14 MPa.This represented a significant improvement of 249% in tensile strength and 286% in flexural strength compares to chopped carbon fiber-reinforced nylon 6 composite materials.

关 键 词：碳纤维 尼龙6 熔融沉积 复合材料 3D打印 正交试验 工艺参数 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]