氢氧化镁@GNP复合阻燃剂的制备及其阻燃性能  

Preparation of Magnesium Hydroxide/Graphene Nano-Compound and its Flame Retardant Properties

作　　者：王琦[1] 阿旺卓玛 丁学宁 韩志东[1,3] Wang Qi;Zhuoma A-wang;Ding Xuening;Han Zhidong(School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150040,China;Dalian Huanqiu Minerals Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116600,China;Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application,Ministry of Education,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学材料科学与化学工程学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]大连环球矿产股份有限公司,辽宁大连116600 [3]哈尔滨理工大学电介质工程国家重点实验室培育基地,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2023年第11期136-142,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：黑龙江省自然基金重点资助项目(ZD2020E007)。

摘　　要：氢氧化镁(MH)因无卤无毒环境友好的特点广泛用于聚烯烃(PO)线缆材料的阻燃,而随着电线电缆性能的不断提升使MH的应用面临更多的挑战。为实现绿色可控制备MH阻燃剂,以轻烧镁和石墨烯微片(GNP)为原料,采用水化法制备MH和MH@GNP纳米复合阻燃剂。利用正交试验设计优化,在球磨时间6 h、水热反应温度110℃和水热反应时间2 h的条件下获得了MH以及MH@GNP,形成了粒径尺寸在200 nm左右的片状MH包覆二维GNP的结构。在阻燃剂质量分数为50%的条件下,与商业MH阻燃剂产品(CMH)相比较发现,所制备的MH具有较好地抑制燃烧和降低热释放的作用,而且MH@GNP能够使无卤阻燃PO复合材料的极限氧指数达到28.2%,垂直燃烧等级达到UL94 V-1级,相较纯PO材料,PO/MH@GNP的热释放速率峰值下降55%、总热释放量下降54%。研究结果揭示了以轻烧镁作为原料的水化合成方法是一种高效无污染无副产物的绿色制备技术,能够可控制备具有一定形貌和粒度的MH阻燃剂,获得粒径为200 nm的MH薄片,同时,与二维GNP相结合,能够可控制备具有包覆结构的MH@GNP纳米复合阻燃剂,实现了阻燃性能的显著提升。Magnesium hydroxide(MH) is widely used as a flame retardant for polyolefin(PO) cable compounds due to its halogen-free,non-toxic,and environmentally friendly properties.With the continuous improvement of wire and cable performances,the applications of MH face more challenges.To achieve controllable preparation of MH flame retardants,caustic calcined magnesia and graphene nanoplatelet(GNP) were adopted to prepare MH and MH@GNP nanosized flame retardants by hydration method.The process was optimized by orthogonal design,then MH and MH@GNP were obtained at a ball milling time of 6 h,a hydrothermal temperature of 110 ℃,and a reaction time of 2 h.MH@GNP is proved to form with coated structure of sheet-like MH around 200nm on two-dimensional GNP nanoplatelet.Compared with commercial MH product(CMH),the prepared MH shows enhanced effects on inhibiting combustion and reducing heat release at the same amount of 50 wt% flame retardant.Furthermore,halogen-free flame-retardant PO composite with MH@GNP has the remarkable limiting oxygen index of 28.2% and V-1 rating of UL 94.Compared with PO,PO/MH@GNP presentes the peak heat release rate decreases by 55% and the total heat release decreases by 54%.Accordingly,an efficient and green preparation technology with the pollution free and by-products free characteristics is proposed by using caustic calcined magnesia as the raw material to prepare MH through hydration,which can be applied to modulate the morphology and particle size of MH and obtain the MH flake with a particle size of 200 nm.Meanwhile,combined with twodimensional GNP,the technology can be used to prepare structured MH@GNP nanocomposite flame retardant that shows significant advantage of flame retardancy.

关 键 词：氢氧化镁 轻烧镁 石墨烯微片 聚烯烃 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TQ314.24[化学工程—高聚物工业]