公众如何评价“街头官僚”的热情和能力?——兼论中国情境下公共管理复制实验的本土化问题  

How does Citizen Access Street-Level Bureaucrats'Warmth and Competence?——Discuss on the Indigenization of Public Management Replication Experiment in China

作　　者：高学德[1] 王倩[1] 沈茜芸 GAO Xuede;WANG Qian;SHEN Xiyun

机构地区：[1]兰州大学管理学院

出　　处：《公共管理与政策评论》2023年第6期31-44,共14页Public Administration and Policy Review

摘　　要：公众如何评价不同类型“街头官僚”的热情和能力?欧洲情境下的调查实验结果在中国能否得以验证?基于“推广与扩展”复制实验的设计原则,在中国情境下复制了Boer在荷兰进行的调查实验,随机选取1182名调查对象,通过两个调查实验,检验中国情境下公众对不同核心任务“街头官僚”在热情和能力特性感知上的差异。实验结果显示:(1)中国情境下公众会依据“街头官僚”核心任务的差异而对其进行分类,但与原实验不同,公众将“街头官僚”分为了两类而非三类,即服务导向型“街头官僚”与服务和监管并重型的“街头官僚”,原实验中还包含了监管导向型“街头官僚”。(2)中国情境下服务导向的“街头官僚”被认为更富有热情,而在能力维度两类“街头官僚”之间没有显著差异,但当删除服务和监管并重型“街头官僚”中的城管样本后研究结果出现了反转,这意味着对不同“街头官僚”职业的选取可能会对研究结果的稳健性产生一定的影响。而原实验发现,监管导向的“街头官僚”被认为最缺乏热情和能力,但其他两类“街头官僚”的热情和能力评价均无显著差异。(3)公众对“街头官僚”特性的评价并未受到其性别的影响,而在原实验中,“街头官僚”的性别对其热情评价产生了影响,与男性“街头官僚”相比,女性“街头官僚”被认为更富有热情。论文进一步从概念、理论和工具三个层面讨论了复制实验应用于中国情境下的本土化问题。How does citizen access the warmth and competence of different street-level bureaucrats?Can the experiment results in European context be verified in China?Based on the design principle of“promotion and expansion”replication experiment,the investigation experiment conducted by Boer(2020)in the Netherlands was replicated in Chinese context,and 1182 participants were randomly selected.The results show that:(1)In Chinese context,citizen classifies street-level bureaucrats according to their different core tasks,but different from the original experiment,the public classifies them into two clusters instead of three;(2)Service-oriented street bureaucrats are considered to be more warmer in Chinese context,but there is no significant difference in competence.However,when the urban manager samples among street bureaucrats are deleted,the research results are reversed,which means that the selection of different street bureaucratic occupations may have a certain impact on the robustness of the results.The original experiment found that the regulation-oriented street-level bureaucrats are considered to lack warm and competence,while the other two types of street-level bureaucrats have no significant difference in warm and competence;(3)Citizen access of street-level bureaucrats'characteristics is not influenced by their gender in our study,which is inconsistent with the original experimental results.The paper further discusses the indigenization of replication experiment in Chinese context from the concept,theory and tool.

关 键 词：“街头官僚” 复制实验 刻板印象内容模型 本土化 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]