基于STM的建筑物体打击事故致因关联分析  

Cause Correlation Analysis of Construction Struck-by Accidents Based on Structural Topic Modeling

作　　者：李珏[1,2] 武诗怡 王幼芳 LI Jue;WU Shiyi;WANG Youfang(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Operation&Maintenance Management of Transportation Infrastructure Key College Laboratory of Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Intelligent Construction,Operation&Maintenance Management of Transportation Infrastructure Key College Laboratory of Hunan Province,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]长沙理工大学交通基础设施智慧建造与运维管理湖南省高等学校重点实验室,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《土木工程与管理学报》2023年第5期39-46,共8页Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ30744);湖南省教育厅科研项目(20K011)。

摘　　要：本文为系统分析建筑施工物体打击事故的产生机理,深入探索了事故调查报告中记录的主要致因类型及其联系。首先,选取2012—2021年国内136例物体打击事故调查报告,运用文本挖掘技术对事故报告进行预处理;然后,构建结构主题模型(STM),引入协变量建筑工种、击打物体和季节,对事故报告文本进行致因主题生成;再运用共现矩阵可视化直观展示主题间的关联关系;最后,分析各项主题与协变量之间的关联。研究结果表明:物体打击事故报告中呈现9项致因主题,其中人为因素占比最大。对于3个协变量,建筑工种中技术工人所面临的危险更多;一年中物体打击事故多发于夏季和春季;击打物体中原材料类和工程机械类物体易造成事故。根据事故致因的关联分析结果制定针对性的风险防范措施,可提高施工现场的安全管理水平。In order to systematically analyze construction struck-by accident generation mechanism,the main causes recorded in accident reports and associations among them were explored.Firstly,136 domestic construction struck-by accident reports from 2012 to 2021 were collected and processed by text mining technology.Secondly,three covariates,worker trade,striking object and season,were introduced to construct structural topic model(STM)for cause topics generation.Then,co-occurrence matrix visualization was used to show the correlation among topics intuitively.Finally,the relationship among cause topic and covariates were analyzed.The results show that:The investigation report of struck-by accident presents 9 cause topics,among which human factors account for the largest proportion.For the three covariates,skilled workers in worker trade face more risks.Struck-by accidents occur frequently in summer and spring.Materials and construction machinery in striking objects are prone to accidents.According to the results of correlation analysis of accident causes,the targeted risk prevention measures can be formulated,and therefore improve the level of safety management on site.

关 键 词：安全管理 关联分析 物体打击 文本挖掘 结构主题模型(STM) 

分 类 号：X947[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU714[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]