高速铁路有砟轨道冰雪飞溅试验研究  

Test study on ice and snow splash on ballasted track of high-speed railway

作　　者：李毅 徐旸 涂英辉 郄录朝 戚志刚 赵一馨 LI Yi;XU Yang;TU Yinghui;QIE Luchao;QI Zhigang;ZHAO Yixin(Railway Architecture Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Science Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory for Track System of High-speed Railway,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Lanzhou Group Corporation Limited,Lanzhou 730000,China;Railway Infrastructure Inspection Center,China State Railway Group Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道系统全国重点实验室,北京100081 [3]中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司,兰州730000 [4]中国国家铁路集团有限公司铁路基础设施检测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第21期11-16,28,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52278467);中国科协青年人才托举工程(YESS20210173);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2021G009);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2022YJ054)。

摘　　要：在严寒地区,由于动车组车体及轨旁设备积雪、融冰,列车速度在低于200 km/h的情况下也会发生冰雪飞溅现象,影响高速铁路运营安全。在我国某有砟高铁首次开展了冰雪条件下有砟轨道空气动力学及行车动力性能试验,主要结论有:行车安全性指标有较大的安全余量,但冰雪条件下有一定增长,增幅最高为155.1%;隧道口的脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮轴横向力较大;钢轨、轨枕及道床的垂向振动加速度均在安全限值内,但雪天增幅明显,最高为晴天的22.8倍;桥上轨道振动加速度较大,在冰雪风场作用下易发生道砟飞溅;道心、枕底及砟肩风压随车速增加而增大,在冰雪条件下有小幅度的提升,增幅最高为48.5%,导致道砟及冰雪颗粒更易飞起;隧道口道心风压远超其他测点,在风振耦合作用下最容易发生道砟飞溅。在晴天未观察到道砟飞溅,雪天则出现明显的积雪飞起。建议在隧道口等风振耦合效应明显的区段采取相应措施防止冰雪飞溅。In severe cold areas,due to snow accumulation and ice melting of EMU car body and trackside equipment,snow and ice splash phenomena occur when train speed is less than 200 km/h to affect operation safety of high-speed railway.Here,aerodynamic and driving dynamic performance tests of ballasted track under ice and snow conditions were conducted for the first time in a ballasted high-speed railway in China.The main conclusions were shown that(1) there is a larger safety margin for driving safety index,but it has a certain increase under ice and snow conditions,with the maximum increase of 155.1%;derailment coefficient,wheel load reduction rate and lateral force of wheel axle at tunnel entrance are larger;(2) vertical vibration accelerations of steel rails,sleepers,and track beds are all within safety limit values,but their increases are obvious on snowy days with the maximum values of 22.8 times those on sunny days;track vibration acceleration on bridge is higher,and ballast splashing is easy to occur under the action of ice and snow wind fields;(3) wind pressures at road center,pillow bottom and ballast shoulder increase with increase in train speed,with a slight increase under ice and snow conditions,with a maximum increase of 48.5% to make ballast,ice and snow particles to more easily fly;wind pressures at road center of tunnel entrance are much higher than other measured points,and ballast splashing is most likely to occur under the coupling action of wind vibrations;(4) on sunny days,no ballast splashing is observed,while on snowy days,obvious accumulated snow flying up appears;it is recommended to take corresponding measures to prevent ice and snow splashing in areas with obvious wind vibrations coupled effect,such as,tunnel entrances.

关 键 词：高速铁路 冰雪飞溅 现场试验 有砟轨道 道砟飞溅 

分 类 号：U213.7[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]