2010—2022年竹山县流行性腮腺炎流行特征分析  

Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Strategies of MUMPS in Zhushan County of China from 2010 to 2022

作　　者：孙长喜[1] 陈国栋 杜飞[1] 朱冬贵 操婷 辜伟伟[3] 黄卉[3] Sun Changxi;Chen Guodong;Du Fei;Zhu Donggui;Cao Ting;Gu Weiwei;Huang Hui(Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhushan,Hubei,442200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省竹山县疾病预防控制中心,湖北竹山442200 [2]湖北省竹山县人民医院,湖北竹山442200 [3]湖北省十堰市疾病预防控制中心,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2023年第10期88-90,102,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：2022年中央财政重大传染病防控项目(10000019z195110010004)—扩大国家免疫规划项目。

摘　　要：目的:分析2010—2022年竹山县流行性腮腺炎流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法:收集2010—2022年竹山县流行性腮腺炎疫情数据,对数据进行统计处理和描述性分析。结果:2010—2022年竹山县共报告流行性腮腺炎3085例,报告发病率51.61/10万,无死亡病例报告。发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=1188.03,P<0.01)。疫情分布于竹山县17个乡镇,以潘口乡发病最多(263例),报告发病率105.05/10万,潘口、文峰、城关、上庸、溢水、深河、麻家渡共7个乡镇发病率均显著高于2010—2022年竹山县平均水平。发病人群主要为学生(1723例),占报告总数的55.85%;最小年龄8个月,最大年龄83岁,5岁发病率最高(547.92/10万),1~14岁发病数(2546例)占报告发病总数的82.53%,发病率256.10/10万;男性报告发病率(56.83/10万)显著高于女性(45.53/10万)(χ^(2)=36.77,P<0.01)。1~14岁男性人群报告发病率显著高于女性(χ^(2)=88.59,P<0.01),15~69岁女性人群报告发病率显著高于男性(χ^(2)=59.57,P<0.01)。结论:麻疹—腮腺炎—风疹联合减毒活疫苗纳入扩大免疫规划后,竹山县流行性腮腺炎高发态势得到有效遏制,但发病率仍高于全国水平。应加强疫情监测和重点人群健康教育,适时开展含腮腺炎成分疫苗的查漏补种和应急接种,提高人群免疫屏障,及时发现和处理疫情,遏制疫情传播。OBJECTIVE To analyze and master the epidemic characteristics of mumps in Zhushan County,and to provide basis for making control measures.METHODS Data on the mumps epidemic in Zhushan County from 2010 to 2022 were collected for sta⁃tistical processing and descriptive analysis.RESULTS From 2010 to 2022,a total of 3085 cases of mumps were reported in Zhushan County,with a reported incidence of 51.61/105.No deaths were reported.The incidence of the disease was decreasing year by year(χ2=1188.029,P<0.01).The epidemic situation was distributed in 17 townships,and the incidence of Pankou Township was the highest(263 cases).The reported incidence rate was 105.05/105,the incidence rates in wenfeng,area outside a city gate,Shangyong,overflow,Shenhe and Majiadu were significantly higher than the average,and the majority of the cases were students(1723 cases),accounting for 55.85%of the total reported cases,the youngest age was 8 months and the oldest was 83 years old.The incidence of the disease was the highest at the age of 5 years(547.92/105).The age group of 1-14 years(2546 cases)account⁃ed for 82.53%of the total reported cases,with an incidence rate of 256.10/105.The reported incidence rate of 56.83/105 in males was significantly higher than that of 45.53/105in females(χ2=36.77,P<0.01).1~14 year-old crowd male significantly higher than women(χ2=88.59,P<0.01),women aged 15~69 years were significantly higher than men(χ2=59.57,P<0.01).CONCLUSION After the live attenuated MMR vaccine was included in the expanded programme on Immunization,the epidemic situation of MUMPS was effectively controlled,but the incidence rate was still higher than the national level.It should strengthen the surveillance of the epi⁃demic situation and the health education of the key population,carry out the revaccination and emergency vaccination of mumps-con⁃taining vaccine in time,raise the population’s immune barrier,and detect and treat the outbreak in time,is an important measure to curb the spread of the epidemic.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 流行特征 控制对策 

分 类 号：R512.1[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]