涡轮增压器喷嘴环冲蚀磨损后气动特性研究  

Influence of surface roughness on the aerodynamic characteristics of the nozzle ring of a variable mixed-flow turbocharger

作　　者：温华兵[1] 王家昊 於克良 郭俊华 刘红丹 刘扬 WEN Huabing;WANG Jiahao;YU Keliang;GUO Junhua;LIU Hongdan;LIU Yang(School of Energy and Power,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,China;Chongqing Jiangjin Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402263,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏镇江212100 [2]重庆江增船舶重工有限公司,重庆402263

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第22期312-321,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX21-1788)。

摘　　要：船用柴油机排放尾气中的固体颗粒会对可变混流涡轮造成冲蚀磨损,导致喷嘴环表面材质剥落,表面粗糙度增加,降低喷嘴环使用寿命。该研究利用ANSYS CFX软件,基于气固两相流的欧拉-拉格朗日法和Finnie磨损模型,研究不同开度下,磨损产生的表面粗糙度对喷嘴环流场、静压和涡轮性能的影响。研究表明:喷嘴环吸力面和压力面两侧的流动边界层厚度、静熵、湍流动能和表面摩擦因数均随粗糙度的增大而增大,导致边界层附近的流动损失增大、气体内能增加、能量耗散增大;喷嘴环两侧的静压差随粗糙度的增大而增大,使喷嘴环结构载荷增大,可能会降低喷嘴环使用寿命;随着表面粗糙度增大,涡轮效率随之降低,但降低速率却有所减小,对不同开度的影响程度也不同。Solid particles in the exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine can cause erosive wear on a variable mixed-flow turbine,resulting in material spalling from the nozzle ring surface,surface roughness increasing,and nozzle ring service life reducing.The ANSYS CFX software was used to investigate the effects of surface roughness by wear on the nozzle ring flow field,static pressure and turbine performance under different openings based on the Euler-Lagrange method and Finnie wear model for gas-solid two-phase flow.The study shows that:the thickness of the flow boundary layer,static entropy,turbulent kinetic energy and surface friction coefficient on both sides of the nozzle ring suction surface and pressure surface increase with increasing roughness,resulting in the increase of flow loss near the boundary layer,gas internal energy and energy dissipation;the static pressure difference between the two sides of the nozzle ring increases with increasing roughness,which makes the load on the nozzle ring structure increase and may reduce the nozzle ring life;as the surface roughness increases,the turbine efficiency decreases,but the rate of reduction is by the effect degree on different degree of opening is also different.

关 键 词：可变混流涡轮喷嘴环 尾气颗粒 冲蚀磨损 表面粗糙度 数值仿真 

分 类 号：TK263.1[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]