炼厂气脱硫脱碳吸收工艺理论分析与应用探讨  

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION DISCUSSION OF REFINERY GAS DESULFURI ZATION AND DECARBONI ZATION ABSORPTION PROCESS

作　　者：纪刚 Ji Gang(SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation,Beijing,100101)

机构地区：[1]中国石化工程建设有限公司,北京100101

出　　处：《石油化工安全环保技术》2023年第4期50-54,I0003,I0004,共7页Petrochemical Safety and Environmental Protection Technology

摘　　要：炼厂干气、天然气、合成气等工业气体中均含有一定量的H_(2)S和CO_(2)酸性气体,在使用前需进行严格脱除。传统吸收设备仍存在传质效率低、所需级数高、胺液消耗量大和设备体积大等问题。文章选取脱硫脱碳吸收工艺为研究对象,理论分析吸收过程的传质过程、反应机理、吸收动力学、热力学以及工业吸收塔的性能。研究分析发现:在现有的吸收工艺过程中针对影响吸收选择性的动力学和热力学变化的核心关键问题,难以实现精准解耦和控制。基于核心关键问题,提出了提高动力学选择性和改善热力学选择性的过程强化方向。Refinery dry gas,natural gas,synthesis gas and other industrial gases all contain a certain amount of H_(2)S and CO_(2) acidic gases,which need to be strictly removed before use.Traditional absorption equipment still suffers from low mass transfer efficiency,high number of required stages,high amine consumption and large equipment size.This paper selects the desulfurization and decarbonization absorption process as the research object.It theoretically analyzes the mass transfer process,reaction mechanism,absorption kinetics,thermodynamics and the performance of industrial absorption towers in the absorption process.The research and analysis reveal that it is difficult to achieve precise decoupling and control for the core key issues of kinetic and thermodynamic changes affecting absorption selectivity in the existing absorption process.Based on the core key issues,the paper proposes the direction of process enhancement to improve the kinetic selectivity and thermodynamic selectivity.

关 键 词：炼厂气 天然气 吸收工艺 脱硫脱碳 过程强化 

分 类 号：TE687[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]