2018—2022年贵州省其他感染性腹泻的流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：杨培师 杨敬源[1] 黄艳萍[2] 余春[2] 姚光海 YANG Pei-shi;YANG Jing-yuan;HUANG Yan-ping;YU Chun;YAO Guang-hai(Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Surveillance,Ministry of Education,School of Public Health and Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心传染病防治所,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第21期3848-3854,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwjkj2019-237);基于多特征辨识的急性烈性细菌性肠道传染病流行机制预测预警模型省级应用评估(2018ZX10201002-005-004)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2018—2022年贵州省其他感染性腹泻的流行特征,提供防控工作参考。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中收集2018—2022年贵州省其他感染性腹泻病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析贵州省其他感染性腹泻的流行特征和病原谱,各县(市、区)分布变化趋势采用Arc Map10.8.1软件进行分析和可视化展示。结果 2018—2022年贵州省共报告其他感染性腹泻病例77 990例,年均发病率为42.13/10万,年发病率为34.86/10万~52.01/10万之间,总体呈下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=18.373,P<0.05)。年发病呈双峰分布,冬春季为主高峰报告39 856例占51.10%,夏秋季为次高峰报告13 647例占17.50%。男女发病比为1.36:1,年龄组发病以5岁以下居多,报告62 391例占80.00%。职业以散居儿童居多,报告61 476例占78.83%。年均发病率排前三位的市(州)为六盘水市(67.56/10万)、贵阳市(63.27/10万)和遵义市(43.85/10万)。共报告其他感染性腹泻聚集性13起,暴发3起;发生场所主要为学校(9起),其次为幼托机构(5起)。秋冬季节高发10起,诺如病毒感染14起均为人传人传播,沙门菌2起均为食源性传播。有病原检测结果的病例中,病毒感染占95.27%(20 497/21 515),其中轮状病毒占97.03%(19 888/20 497);细菌感染占4.13%(888/21 515),其中沙门菌占92.00%(817/888)。结论 贵州省其他感染性腹泻疫情形势依然严峻,建议针对重点地区、重点人群、高发季节和优势病原等做好防控工作,尤其加强病原诊断、订正报告和宣教等工作。Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022 and to provide reference for prevention and control.Methods The data of other infectious diarrhea cases in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information system.The epidemic characteristics and pathogen spectrum of other infectious diarrhea in Guizhou Province were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.The distribution trend of each county(city and district)was analyzed and visually displayed by ArcMap10.8.1 software.Results A total of 77990 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022,with an average annual incidence of 42.13/100000,ranging from 34.86/100000 to 52.01/100000.The annual incidence showed bimodal distribution,with the main peak in winter and spring reporting 39856 cases(51.10%),and the sub-peak in summer and autumn reporting 13647 cases(17.50%).The incidence ratio of male to female was 1.36.Most of the patients were under 5 years old,reporting 62391 cases and accounting for 80.00%.Most of the cases were children living at home,reporting 61476 cases and accounting for 78.83%.The top three cities with high annual incidence rates were Liupanshui(67.56/100000),Guiyang(63.27/100000),and Zunyi(43.85/100000),respectively.A total of 13 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported and 3 outbreaks were reported,mainly in schools(9 cases),followed by child care institutions(5 cases).There were 10 cases of high incidence in autumn and winter,14 cases of norovirus infection were human-to-human transmission,and 2 cases of salmonella were foodborne transmission.Among the cases with pathogen detection results,virus infection accounted for 95.27%(20497/21515),of which rotavirus accounted for 97.03%(19888/20497),and bacterial infection accounted for 4.13%(888/21515),of which salmonella accounted for 92.00%(817/888).Conclusion The epidemic situation of other infectious diarrhea in G

关 键 词：其他感染性腹泻 流行病学 病原谱 防控 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]