ABO血型鉴定中人源抗体的应用与评价  

Application and evaluation of human antibodies in ABO grouping

作　　者：左琴琴[1] 张良子 吴大洲[1] 张泳[1] 褚晓月 张薇薇 王红[1] 毛娟[1] 徐华[1] ZUO Qinqin;ZHANG Liangzi;WU Dazhou;ZHANG Yong;CHU Xiaoyue;ZHANG Weiwei;WANG Hong;MAO Juan;XU Hua(Shaanxi Blood Center,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省血液中心,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2023年第10期928-931,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：西安市科技计划项目(21YXYJ0085,22YXYJ0068)。

摘　　要：目的评价ABO血型鉴定中单克隆定型试剂及人源抗-A/B在吸收放散试验中的应用。方法单克隆定型试剂及人源抗-A/B与标准A、B、O、AB 4种表型红细胞在4℃、室温、37℃条件下反应比较特异性;与A1/B细胞反应的效价、凝集时间及凝集强度评价亲和力;对29例正反定型不符的标本进行检测,评价单克隆定型试剂及人源抗-A/B在吸收放散试验中对弱抗原的检出能力。结果人源抗-A/B特异性及亲和力较低,单克隆定型试剂有交叉反应性,人源抗-A/B在吸收放散试验中可以检出大部分的弱抗原,且不存在交叉反应性。结论在ABO血型鉴定试验中,人源抗-A/B结合吸收放散试验可以作为鉴定ABO弱抗原的补充,血清学试验中选择合理的试剂及相应的方法学,才能得出准确结果,确保临床输血安全。Objective To evaluate the application of monoclonal typing reagents and human anti-A/B antibodies for absorption-elution test in ABO grouping.Methods The specificity of monoclonal typing reagents and human anti-A/B antibodies with standard A,B,O and AB phenotypes at 4℃,room temperature,and 37℃were compared.Affinity was evaluated by the titer,agglutination time and agglutination intensity of the reaction with A1/B cells.29 samples with ABO discrepancy were tested to evaluate the ability of monoclonal typing reagents and human anti-A/B antibodies to detect weak antigens in absorption-elution test.Results The specificity and affinity of human anti-A/B antibodies are low,and monoclonal typing reagents have cross reactivity.Human anti-A/B antibodies can detect most weak antigens in absorption-elution test with no cross reactivity.Conclusion In ABO grouping,the human anti A/B antibody binding absorption-elution test can serve as a supplement method for identifying ABO weak antigens.Accurate results can be obtained with reasonable reagents and corresponding methodology in serological tests,thus ensuring the safety of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：ABO血型鉴定 人源抗体 吸收放散试验 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]