中美战略竞争背景下日本对华政策新态势  

Japan's Policy towards China in the Context of American Strategic Competition Against China

作　　者：朱海燕 Zhu Haiyan

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国家安全学院(政法与公共管理学院)

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2023年第10期23-42,146,共21页

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金后期资助项目(项目号:22FGJB024);陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费“研究阐释党的二十大精神专项重大项目”(项目号:2022ZYRZ05);2023年中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“日本经济安全战略及中国的对策研究”(项目号:23ZYYB023)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在美国挑起并不断加剧中美战略竞争的背景下,日本对华政策呈现出系列新态势:战略上加紧追随美国,将中国定位为“前所未有的最大战略挑战”,强调以实力与联盟构筑对华优势地位;采取政治承诺与政策实践相分离的两面手法;推动低位政治高位化,将经济安全纳入对华战略范畴;制造新借口、利用旧矛盾加大干涉中国内政力度。日本对华政策调整的大背景是世界大变局深度演进、国际权力秩序加速调整;外部动力是美国对华政策转向以及日美同盟的运作方式的变化;内在动力则来自日本国内政治议程的需要;乌克兰危机升级对日产生了较大的刺激作用。日本对华政策中对抗性因子的比重不断提升,将进一步加剧地区阵营化、对立化程度,存在引发地区军备竞赛的风险,给中日关系带来负面冲击。面对日本加紧向美国靠拢的对华政策,中国在保持战略定力的同时,加强中日交流,培育互信;拓展中日共同利益空间,探讨携手为国际社会提供公共产品的可能,增强中日关系纽带的韧性;同时,在国家核心利益问题上坚持底线思维。Against the backdrop of US-initiated and intensifying Sino-US strategic competition,Japan's policy toward China has shown a series of new trends:strategically stepping up its efforts to follow the US,positioning China as the greatest strategic challenge ever and emphasizing the use of strength and alliance to build a dominant position toward China;adopting a two-faced approach that separates political commitment from policy practice;promoting the integration of economic security into the scope of its strategy toward China;creating new excuses to take advantage of old contradictions to increase its efforts to interfere in China's internal affairs.The general background of Japan's policy adjustment towards China is the deep evolution of the world's great changes and the accelerated adjustment of the international power order.The external impetus is the shift in US policy toward China and the way the Japan-US alliance operates;the internal impetus comes from the immediate needs of Japan's domestic political agenda;and the escalation of the Ukraine crisis has had a greater stimulating effect on it.The increasing confrontational nature of Japan's policy towards China will further intensify regional camping and antagonism.There is a risk of a regional arms race,which will have a negative impact on Sino-Japanese relations.In the face of Japan's policy toward China,while maintaining strategic certainty,China should strengthen Sino-Japanese exchanges and cultivate mutual trust;expand the space for China and Japan's common interests,explore the possibility of joining hands to provide public goods for the international community,and enhance the resilience of the Sino-Japanese bond;and at the same time,adhere to the bottomline thinking concerning China's core interests.

关 键 词：日本对华政策 日本安保战略 日美同盟 

分 类 号：D822.331.3[政治法律—政治学]