稻田养蟹与池塘养蟹对养殖环境中浮游生物群落的影响  

Effects of Crab Culture in Paddy Field and Pond on Plankton in the Culture Environment

作　　者：胡清彪 梅杰 李晓东[1,2,3,4] 李鹏 HU Qing-biao;MEI Jie;LI Xiao-dong;LI Peng(School of Animal Science and Medicine,Shenyang 110161,China;Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Shenyang 110161,China;Key Laboratory of Breeding and Propagation of Chinesemittencrab,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Panjin Liaonig 124000,China;Panjin Guanghe CrabIndustry Co.,Ltd,Panjin Liaoning 124000,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学辽宁盘锦湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,沈阳110161 [3]农业农村部中华绒螯蟹育种与繁养重点实验室,辽宁盘锦124200 [4]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司,辽宁盘锦124200

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2023年第5期555-562,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”项目(2021JH1/10400040)。

摘　　要：不同养殖环境对浮游生物影响不同。为探究稻田养蟹与池塘养蟹对养殖环境中浮游生物的影响,对两种养殖环境中浮游动植物及底栖动物的变化进行跟踪研究。养殖期间,通过为期2个月共计5次采样进行浮游生物鉴定,分析两种养殖模式对浮游动植物和底栖动物群落结构、密度、生物量和多样性的影响。结果表明:养殖水环境中浮游动、植物和底栖动物的种类和生物量与养殖模式密切相关。2种模式下,浮游植物平均密度和平均生物量呈现先增后减的趋势,且稻田模式的浮游植物平均密度及平均生物量均高于池塘模式的平均密度;浮游动物平均密度呈下降趋势;底栖动物生物量整体呈现先下降后上升再下降趋势。稻田模式的浮游动物、浮游植物平均密度和Shannon Wiener多样性指数均高于池塘模式,表明稻田养蟹模式群落结构相对稳定,可为养蟹稻田与池塘养殖环境生态结构及浮游生物变动规律提供基础数据,可为实现科学养殖提供参考。Different cultural environments have different effects on plankton.To explore the effects of crab culture in paddy fields and ponds on plankton in cultural environments,the changes of phytoplankton and benthic animals in two kinds of culture environments were tracked.During the period of cultivation,we sampled 5 times over 2 months to identify plankton,and the effects of the two farming models on the community structure,density,biomass,and diversity of phytoplankton and benthic animals were analyzed.The results showed that the species and biomass of phytoplankton,plants,and benthic animals in aquaculture aquatic environments were closely related to the farming model.The average density and biomass of phytoplankton increased first and then decreased,and the average density and biomass of phytoplankton in the paddy field model were higher than that in the pond model.The average density of zooplankton showed a decreasing trend.The biomass of benthic animals decreased first,then increased,and then decreased.The average density of zooplankton and phytoplankton and Shannon Wiener diversity index in the paddy field model were higher than those in the pond model,indicating that the community structure of the paddy field crab cultivation model was relatively stable,which could provide basic data for the ecological structure and plankton change rule of paddy field and pond culture,and provide a reference for scientific culture.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 稻田养蟹 池塘养蟹 浮游生物 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]