铝表面超疏水复合涂层的制备及其表面性能  

Preparation and Properties of Superhydrophobic Coatings on Aluminum

作　　者：卢硕 沈士泰 张小雨 卫国英[1] 朱本峰 LU Shuo;SHEN Shi-tai;ZHANG Xiao-yu;WEI Guo-ying;ZHU Ben-feng(College of Materials and Chemistry,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Xugong Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学材料与化学学院,杭州310018 [2]徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《表面技术》2023年第11期318-325,365,共9页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52171083);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(2021R409014)。

摘　　要：目的通过在纯铝表面构筑超疏水涂层,优化金属铝表面,并强化其应用性能。方法采用阳极氧化法在铝表面构筑具有纳米孔洞的Al2O3薄膜,再利用全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷修饰表面,得到超疏水复合涂层,并研究氧化电位和表面修饰时间对纳米结构的构筑及疏水性能的影响,研究超疏水复合涂层表面润湿性、防污、自清洁和抗结冰性能。结果控制阳极氧化条件,在氧化电位为16~18V、氧化时间为1h时,得到1~2μm的“花瓣”聚集叠加成的多级粗糙结构。通过6 h的表面修饰,得到了接触角为163.6°的超疏水性复合膜层。进一步对该超疏水膜层的性能进行分析发现,经超疏水膜层修饰后铝具有优异的防污性能;相较于纯铝,经超疏水膜层修饰后铝片的电化学阻抗模值高达10^(5)Ω·cm^(2),而电流密度仅为1.81×10^(-9) A/cm^(2);在高温和低温环境下,超疏水膜层均能保持超疏水性能;经砂纸来回打磨200 cm后,膜层的接触角仍大于150°。结论经阳极氧化纯铝得到具有多级粗糙结构的阳极氧化膜,并通过表面修饰可制备接触角高达163.6°的超疏水性复合膜层。该超疏水复合涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性、自清洁性、耐污染性,以及良好的耐蚀性、机械稳定性和抗结冰性等。Aluminum and aluminum alloy have the characteristics of high strength,low density and good mechanical properties,so it has great application value in aviation,medicine,navigation,energy and daily life.However,the wear resistance of aluminum and aluminum alloy is poor and the surface of aluminum alloy is easy to be damaged.The static contact angle of the superhydrophobic material surface is greater than 150°,and the rolling contact angle is less than 10°.The rapid rolling of water droplets on the surface of superhydrophobic material makes the superhydrophobic material have self-cleaning,waterproof,antifouling,drag reduction,antibacterial,oil-water separation,corrosion prevention,chemical shielding and other properties. These excellent surface properties make superhydrophobic materials show attractive prospects in self-cleaning, surface corrosion, oil-water separation and anti-icing. Therefore, the surface of aluminum metal is roughed through chemical modification, and the aluminum surface is covered with a layer of superhydrophobic film layer, which is expected to improve the performance of pure aluminum, make it more suitable for application environment. In order to improve the surface performance of aluminum, this paper constructed an anodized Al2O3 film with nano-porous holes on the surface of aluminum by anodic oxidation. Then, the surface was modified with low surface energy substances to obtain a superhydrophobic composite coating. The effects of oxidation potential and surface modification time on the construction and hydrophobic properties of the nanostructures were studied, and the effects of different modification time on the wettability, antifouling, self-cleaning and anti-icing properties of the superhydrophobic composite coating were also studied. It was found that anodic oxidation film layers with different surface morphologies were obtained with different anodic oxidation potentials. When the oxidation potential was 16-18 V and the oxidation time was 1 h, "petals-like" structure with about 1-2 μm

关 键 词：金属铝 阳极氧化 微纳结构 超疏水 自清洁 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]