自然性偏好的概念、表现及成因  

The concept,manifestation and cause of naturalness preference

作　　者：张昊天 喻丰 ZHANG Haotian;YU Feng(Department of Psychology,School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院心理学系,武汉430072

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2023年第12期2393-2405,共13页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(20CZX059)资助。

摘　　要：“自然”常常被人赋予神圣且仁慈的积极价值。尽管有时自然与人造的物品并无客观差别,人们仍然推崇天然生成的事物和与生俱来的能力,此即“自然性偏好(naturalness preference/naturalness bias)”。本文旨在梳理自然性偏好的概念定义,提出“自然性偏好的三领域概念模型”,从自然环境、自然物品和天赋偏好等领域总结自然性偏好的发展历程与具体表现,并首次将其成因归纳为三种因素,即认知(心理本质主义)、情感(积极与消极情绪)与规范(神圣道德价值观)。未来研究应深入探究自然性偏好的消极后果、文化心理差异及其对新兴科技接受度的影响。“Naturalness”is often attributed to a sacred or benevolent value by people.Despite the lack of objective differences between natural and artificial objects,individuals usually advocate for naturally occurring entities and innate abilities,which is known as“naturalness preference”or“naturalness bias”.This paper aims to clarify the conceptual definition of naturalness preference and propose a“three-domain conceptual model of naturalness preference”,which synthesizes the developmental trajectory and specific manifestations of naturalness preference in domains such as natural environments,natural products,and innate abilities(or talent).Moreover,this paper is the first to summarize the causes of naturalness preference into three factors:cognitive(psychological essentialism),affective(positive and negative emotions),and normative(sacred moral values).Future studies should delve deeper into investigating the“dark side”of naturalness preference,cultural psychological differences,and its impact on the acceptance of emerging technologies.

关 键 词：自然性偏好 心理本质主义 道德 新兴科技接受度 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]