新生儿血小板减少症发生状况及影响因素  

The Incidence and Influencing Factors of neonatal Thrombocytopenia

作　　者：程素芳 刘运启 王建伟 CHENG Sufang;LIU Yunqi;WANG Jianwei(Department of Neonatology,People's Hospital of Shangcai County,Zhumadian Henan 463800,China)

机构地区：[1]上蔡县人民医院新生儿科,河南驻马店463800

出　　处：《临床研究》2023年第12期91-94,共4页Clinical Research

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿血小板减少症(NTP)发生状况及影响因素。方法前瞻性随机试验选取2019年5月至2020年5月于上蔡县人民医院出生的新生儿365例作为研究对象。采用问卷调查方式收集所有新生儿及产妇资料(新生儿性别、胎龄、出生体质量、剖宫产方式、产妇合并疾病、宫内感染情况),统计新生儿NTP发生状况,并重点分析可导致NTP发生的影响因素。结果365例新生儿中,24例新生儿发生NTP,发生率为6.58%,341例未发生NTP,未发生率为93.42%。NTP发生不受新生儿性别、宫内生长迟缓、分娩方式、产妇合并疾病影响,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但可能受出生体质量、胎龄、宫内感染、新生儿窒息、血小板相关免疫球蛋白M(PA-IgM)阳性的影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,出生体质量<1500 g、早产儿、有宫内感染、新生儿窒息、PA-IgM阳性是导致NTP发生的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(OR>1,P<0.05);经多元Logistic回归分析,结果显示,出生体质量<1500 g、早产儿、PA-IgM阳性是导致NTP发生的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论出生体质量<1500 g、早产儿、有宫内感染、新生儿窒息、PA-IgM阳性均可能诱导NTP,临床可根据上述因素制定相应的干预方案以降低NTP的发生。Objective To analyze the incidence and influencing factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia(NTP).Methods A prospective randomized trial was conducted to select 365 newborns born at the People's Hospital of Shangcai County from May 2019 to May 2020 as the study subjects.The data of newborns and parturient were collected by questionnaire(newborn sex,gestational age,birth weight,mode of cesarean section,parturient complicated diseases,intrauterine infection),the incidence of neonatal NTP was analyzed and the influencing factors of NTP were analyzed.Results Among the 365 newborns,24 had NTP,with an incidence rate of 6.58%.341 did not have NTP,with a non-incidence rate of 93.42%.The occurrence of NTP was not affected by neonatal gender,intrauterine growth retardation,delivery method,or maternal comorbidities,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);But it may be affected by birth weight,gestational age,intrauterine infection,neonatal asphyxia,and the positive rate of platelet-associated immunoglobulin M(PA-IgM),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight<1500 g,premature infants,intrauterine infections,neonatal asphyxia,and positive PA-IgM were the influencing factors for the occurrence of NTP,and the difference was statistically significant(OR>1,P<0.05);Through multiple Logistic regression analysis,the results showed that birth weight<1500 g,premature infants,and positive PA-IgM were the influencing factors for the occurrence of NTP,with statistically significant differences(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion Birth weight<1500 g,premature infants,intrauterine infections,neonatal asphyxia,and positive PA-IgM may all induce NTP.Clinical intervention plans can be developed based on these factors to reduce the occurrence of NTP.

关 键 词：血小板减少症 新生儿 早产 宫内感染 新生儿窒息 

分 类 号：R558.2[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病]