儿童居家隔离对感染性疾病及自身免疫性疾病的影响  

Effects of Absolute Home Isolation of Children on the Incidence of Infectious Diseases and Autoimmune Diseases

作　　者：苏学文 隋铭泽 朱华 赵燕星 窦忠霞 袁海凤 SU Xuewen;SUI Mingze;ZHU Hua;ZHAO Yanxing;DOU Zhongxia;YUAN Haifeng(The Inner Mongolia People's Hospital,Hohhot 010017 China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区人民医院,呼和浩特010017

出　　处：《内蒙古医学杂志》2023年第10期1173-1175,1179,共4页Inner Mongolia Medical Journal

基　　金：内蒙古自治区人民医院博士启动基金项目(编号:2020BS05)。

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童居家隔离对感染性疾病及自身免疫性疾病发生的影响。方法对本院2018年2月至2020年3月收治的感染性疾病患儿及2018年2月至2020年3月首次确诊的自身免疫性疾病患儿的发病情况进行回顾性分析。结果2020年相比2019年和2018年同期:(1)急门诊总量显著降低,感染性疾病人数占比及呼吸道感染疾病在感染性疾病中的占比明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);(2)儿童病房住院总人数大幅度下降,感染性疾病住院人数占比及呼吸道感染住院人数在感染性疾病住院人数占比均显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,P=0.002);(3)儿科病房床位使用率明显降低,儿童门急诊处方数及门急诊抗菌药物处方数占比均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。2020年儿童采取居家隔离后,相比2019年和2018年同期首次诊断儿童自身免疫性疾病数量明显下降,且过敏性紫癜及免疫性血小板减少性紫癜在自身免疫性疾病的占比同期明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童居家隔离可有效阻断感染性疾病及呼吸道感染疾病的发生,从而也降低了儿童自身免疫性疾病的发病率。Objective To explore the impact of absolute home isolation of children on the incidence of infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the incidence of infected children from February to March and the incidence of children with autoimmune diseases diagnosed for the first time from February to March in the People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during 2018-2020.Results The results of the incidence of infectious diseases in 2020 compared with the same period in 2019 and 2018 were as follows:(1)The total number of emergency/outpatient clinics decreased significantly,the proportion of infectious diseases and the proportion of respiratory infectious diseases in infectious diseases decreased significantly(P<0.001).(2)The total number of hospitalizations in children's wards dropped significantly,and the proportion of hospitalized patients with infectious diseases and respiratory infections in the proportion of hospitalized patients with infectious diseases decreased significantly(P<0.001,P=0.002).(3)The bed utilization rate of pediatric wards decreased significantly,the number of prescriptions for children's outpatient/emergency department and the proportion of prescriptions for antibiotics in outpatient and emergency departments decreased significantly(P<0.001).After absolute home isolation for children in 2020,compared with the same period in 2019 and 2018,the number of children diagnosed with autoimmune diseases for the first time decreased significantly,and the proportion of allergic purpura and immune thrombocytopenic purpura decreased significantly during the same period(P<0.05).Conclusion Children’s absolute home isolation can effectively block the occurrence of infectious diseases and respiratory infections,thereby reducing the incidence of children’s autoimmune diseases.

关 键 词：自身免疫性疾病 感染性疾病 居家隔离 

分 类 号：R593.2[医药卫生—内科学]