中国人的Heath-Carter法体型研究  

Study on somatotype of Chinese by Heath-Carter method

作　　者：李咏兰[1,2,3] 郑连斌 张兴华[4,5] 宇克莉[4,5] 于会新[2] LI Yonglan;ZHENG Lianbin;ZHANG Xinghua;YU Keli;YU Huixin(College of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;College of Ethnology and Anthropology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China;College of Life Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古师范大学民族学人类学学院,呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古自治区高等学校生物多样性保护与可持续利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010022 [4]天津师范大学生命科学学院,天津300387 [5]天津师范大学天津市动物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期67-74,共8页Journal of Tianjin Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划战略性科技创新合作项目(2020YFE0201600);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31460270,31671245,31771329,32071183);科技部基础工作专项基金资助项目(2015FY111700);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金(2022JBZD014).

摘　　要：为了解中国人的体型特点,采用人体测量方法测量了115个族群共计63449例(男性29418例,女性34031例)中国人的体质数据,运用Heath-Carter体型法计算内因子、中因子和外因子.结果如下:①男性和女性的内因子和中因子与年龄呈正相关,外因子与年龄呈显著负相关.②男性30岁左右和80岁左右是体型变化的年龄节点.男性30岁以后体脂、肌肉和骨骼量增多,身体线性度下降,80岁以后体脂、肌肉和骨骼量减少,身体线性度增大.女性40岁左右和80岁左右是体型变化的年龄节点.女性40岁以后体型比较稳定,体脂、肌肉和骨骼量较大,体型较为丰满,80岁以后体脂明显减少,肌肉和骨骼量减少,身体线性度增大.③中国男性为偏内胚层的中胚层体型,女性70岁以前为偏中胚层的内胚层体型,70岁以后为内胚层-中胚层均衡体型.④与已经发表的世界其他族群体型资料相比,中国男性的体脂较多,肌肉和骨骼欠发达,身体线性度较小,中国女性体脂较多,肌肉和骨骼及身体线性度中等.In order to realize the physical characteristics of the Chinese,the physique data of 63449 Chinese adults(29418 males,34031 females)including 115 ethnic groups were measured by anthropometric methods,and the Heath-Carter method was used to calculate endomorphy,mesomorphy and ectomorphy.The results were as follows:①The endomorphy and mesomorphy of males and females were significantly positively correlated with age,while ectomorphy was significantly negatively correlated with age.②The 30 and 80 years old of males were the age cut-off point for somatotype changes.After 30 years of age,the fat,muscle and bone of males increased,and body linearity decreased.After 80 years of age,the fat,muscle and bone decreased,and body linearity increased.The 40 and 80 years old of females were the age cut-off point for somatotype changes.The somatotype of females were relatively stable after 40 years of age,with larger fat,bone and muscle mass,and more plump body shape.After 80 years of age,the fat of females was significantly reduced,bone and muscle were reduced,and body linearity was increased.③The soma-totype of males were endomorphic mesomorphy.The somatotype of females were mesomorphic endomorphy before 70 years old and endomorph-mesomorph after 70 years old.④Compared with the published data of other ethnic groups in the world,Chinese males had more body fat,thinner bone and muscle and less body linearity.Chinese females had more body fat,with moderate linearity in bone,muscle and body linearity.

关 键 词：HEATH-CARTER体型法 中国人 脂肪 骨骼 肌肉 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]