葡萄大小浆果发育前期细胞学、糖积累和库强比较  

Comparison of Cytology,Sugar Accumulation and Sink Strength in Early Berry Development of Grape Varieties with Different Berry Size

作　　者：王乐乐[1] 刘春燕 陈鹏飞 李志慧 王灵哲 周龙[1] WANG Lele;LIU Chunyan;CHEN Pengfei;LI Zhihui;WANG Lingzhe;ZHOU Long(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Tree Research,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院/新疆农业大学特色果树研究重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2023年第6期1-9,共9页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2020B01003-1)。

摘　　要：以大果型‘户太八号’和小果型‘赤霞珠’为试材,观测浆果发育前期(花后10~50 d)细胞数目和体积,测定浆果中葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量以及蔗糖相关酶活性变化,并计算各时期浆果库活性(RGR)和库强(AGR),以探讨与葡萄浆果大小相关的因子及品种间各指标差异,为揭示浆果大小形成机制提供依据。结果表明,花后50 d时,‘户太八号’的粒质量和体积分别为‘赤霞珠’的8.85倍和8.75倍;‘户太八号’浆果细胞数目和体积在各时期均显著大于‘赤霞珠’,尤其是细胞数目;两品种的葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量变化趋势基本一致,但‘户太八号’浆果中总糖含量和AGR高于‘赤霞珠’。相关性分析表明,浆果大小与葡萄糖、蔗糖和果糖含量间存在显著相关性,但品种间有差异。综上得出,细胞数目和体积共同影响浆果大小,而‘户太八号’和‘赤霞珠’之间果型大小差异的主要表现是细胞数目不同;‘户太八号’浆果(库器官)竞争同化物能力强于‘赤霞珠’,从而影响浆果最终的大小,而浆果大小与糖含量密切相关。Large fruit type'Hutai No.8'grape and small fruit type'Cabernet Sauvignon'grape were used as test materials,the number and volume of berry cells in the early stage of berry development(10-50 d after flowering)were observed.The contents of glucose,fructose and sucrose in berries and the activities of sucrose-related enzymes were determined.The berry sink activity(relative growth rate,RGR)and sink strength(absolute growth rate,AGR)at different developmental stages were calculated to explore the factors related to berry size and the differences of various indexes among varieties,and to provide basis for revealing the formation mechanism of berry size.The results showed that single fruit weight and volume of'Hutai No.8'were 8.85 times and 8.75 times of'Cabernet Sauvignon'at 50 days after flowering.The cell number and volume of'Hutai No.8'berry were significantly greater than that of'Cabernet Sauvignon',especially the cell number.The overall change trend of glucose,fructose and sucrose content of two varieties basically were the same,but the total sugar content and AGR of'Hutai No.8'berry were higher than those of'Cabernet Sauvignon'.Correlation analysis showed that berry size was significantly correlated with the content of glucose,sucrose and fructose,but there were differences among varieties.In summary,the number and volume of cells affect the size of berries,and the difference in fruit size between'Hutai No.8'and'Cabernet Sauvignon'is mainly due to the difference in cell number;the ability of'Hutai No.8'berries(sink organs)to compete for assimilates is stronger than that of'Cabernet Sauvignon',thus affecting the final fruit size of berries;berry size is closely related to sugar content.

关 键 词：葡萄 浆果大小 显微结构 糖积累 库强 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]