外源乙酸对‘玫瑰香’葡萄非生物胁迫抗性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Acetic Acid on Abiotic Stress Resistance of'Muscat Hamburg'Grapevine

作　　者：郗慧茹 张一凡 张世昊 王京华 姚玉新[1] CHI Huiru;ZHANG Yifan;ZHANG Shihao;WANG Jinghua;YAO Yuxin(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2023年第6期40-45,共6页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072537)。

摘　　要：为了探讨外源乙酸(AC)对葡萄非生物胁迫抗性的影响,以盆栽‘玫瑰香’为试材,测定了15 mmol·L^(-1)的AC预处理对非生物胁迫下葡萄植株表型和生理参数的影响。数据显示,在干旱、NaCl、NaCO_(3)胁迫下,与对照相比,‘玫瑰香’葡萄根系活力分别下降72%、53%、66%,电导率增加2.27、0.64、2.10倍,MDA增加63%、114%、136%;而乙酸预处理后,以上指标变化幅度为43%、27%、45%,0.82、0.27、0.62倍,43%、11%、66%。以上结果表明,AC预处理能显著降低胁迫导致的电导率增加、MDA积累和根系活力下降。此外,3种胁迫下,叶绿素含量比对照下降64%、54%、74%,最大光化学效率下降22%、17%、18%,净光合速率下降98%、87%、90%;外源乙酸处理后,以上指标的变化值为10%、17%、43%,12%、4%、5%,60%、57%、57%。试验表明,AC预处理提高了葡萄对非生物胁迫的抵抗能力,有助于降低胁迫条件下PSII光抑制程度,维持光合能力,进而提高胁迫抗性。In order to investigate the effect of exogenous acetic acid(AC)on abiotic stress resistance of grapevine,the changes of phenotypic and physiological parameters of the plants under 15 mmol·L^(-1) AC pretreatment were determined by using potted grapevine'Muscat Hamburg'.The data showed that under drought,NaCl and NaCO_(3)stress,compared with the control,the root activity of'Muscat Hamburg'grapevine decreased by 72%,53%and 66%,the conductivity increased by 2.27,0.64 and 2.10 times,and MDA increased by 63%,114%and 136%,respectively.After acetic acid pretreatment,the above indexes changed by 43%,27%and 45%;0.82,0.27 and 0.62 times;43%,11%and 66%,respectively.The above results showed that AC pretreatment could significantly reduce the increase of electrical conductivity,MDA accumulation and root activity caused by stress.In addition,under the three stresses,compared with the control,the chlorophyll content decreased by 64%,54%and 74%,the maximum photochemical efficiency decreased by 22%,17%and 18%,and the net photosynthetic rate decreased by 98%,87%and 90%after stress.After exogenous acetic acid treatment,the changes of the above indicators were 10%,17%and 43%;12%,4%and 5%;60%,57%and 57%,respectively,indicating that AC pretreatment improved the resistance of'Muscat Hamburg'grapevine to abiotic stress,which helped to reduce the degree of PSII photoinhibition under stress conditions,maintain photosynthetic capacity,and improve stress resistance.

关 键 词：葡萄 乙酸 干旱胁迫 NACL NAHCO3 生理参数 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]