‘玉露香’梨树形改造中留枝量对梨产量及品质的影响  

Effects of different shoot amounts after pruning on the yield and fruit quality in modifying Yuluxiang pear tree

作　　者：王红宁 牛自勉 蔚露 林琭 孙俊宝[1] WANG Hongning;NIU Zimian;YU Lu;LIN Lu;SUN Junbao(Institute of Pomology,Shanzi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 03003l,China;College of Horticulture,Shanci Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学园艺学院,太原030031

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第5期31-40,共10页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD16B03);山西省专利转化专项计划项目(202301008);中央引导地方发展专项(2017GA630003);山西省农业科学院优势课题(YCX2019DZYS04);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新项目(YCX2020304);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221067);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2019-04)。

摘　　要：以9年、15年、21年生‘玉露香’梨(Pyrus bretschneideri Yuluxiang)为试材,设定15个留枝量量化处理,研究其对梨产量、单果重及果实品质的影响。结果表明:不同树龄梨产量随留枝量的增加呈先增后降的趋势,单果重、果肉可溶性固形物(TSS)含量及果皮花色苷含量在试验所设区间内随留枝量的增加而降低。相关分析表明,4个指标与留枝量均具有极显著相关性(|r|为0.885~0.992),其中梨产量与留枝量呈极显著正相关,单果重、TSS含量、花色苷含量与留枝量在供试区间内呈极显著负相关。综合各指标,9年、15年、21年生果园的留枝量分别为79.05万、66.30万、46.95万条·hm^(-2)时,梨产量、单果重、果肉TSS含量及果皮花色苷含量均能达相对较高水平。Aimed to provide scientific basis for pear growers in choosing proper shoot amounts of different ages trees in pruning, the effects of different shoot amounts on the yield and fruit quality of high light-efficiency open-centre Yuluxiang pear tree with 9a, 15a and 21a were studied. The results showed that the average yield increased within a proper range of shoot amounts, whereas decreased when the shoots exceeded a certain amount. All the fruit weight, total soluble solid(TSS) and total anthocyanin content of 9a, 15a and 21a pear trees were decreased with the increase of shoot amounts. Correlation analysis showed that the relationship between the four fruit characters including the average yield, fruit weight, TSS and total anthocyanin content and the shoot amounts were highly significant(|r| was 0.885-0.992). The single fruit weight, TSS and the total anthocyanin content were negatively correlated with shoot amounts. However, there was a positive correlation between the average yield and shoot amounts. The result of multifactorial analysis indicated that the average yield, the single fruit weight, TSS and the total anthocyanin content could reach a relatively optimal level when the pear trees of 9a, 15a and 21a respectively possessed 790 500, 663 000 and 469 500 shoots·hm^(-2).

关 键 词：梨 留枝量 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]