秸秆生物炭对红壤菜地土壤团聚体组成及其碳氮分布的短期效应  

Short-term effects of straw biochar on the composition of soil aggregates and their carbon and nitrogen distribution in red soil vegetable fields

作　　者：廖雅汶 廖萍 刘建秀 刘佳慧 胡贝 夏思微 高志强[1] 姚锋先[1] 朱博 成臣 LIAO Yawen;LIAO Ping;LIU Jianxiu;LIU Jiahui;HU Bei;XIA Siwei;GAO Zhiqiang;YAO Fengxian;ZHU Bo;CHENG Chen(Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetables/Life Sciences College,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou 341000,China;College of Agriculture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]赣南师范大学生命科学学院/赣州市设施蔬菜重点实验室,江西赣州341000 [2]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第5期41-48,共8页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20171ACF60007、20203BBFL63065);江西省科技平台建设项目(2017PTGCD0052);赣州市科技计划重点研发项目[赣市科发(2019)60号]。

摘　　要：通过短期培养试验,设秸秆生物炭与红壤菜地风干土壤质量添加比为0、25、50、75和100 g·kg^(-1)(分别记为A1、A2、A3、A4和A5)5个处理,通过分析其机械稳定性团聚体和水稳性团聚体的组成以及有机碳、全氮在不同粒级团聚体中的分配特征。结果表明:添加生物炭显著降低>2 mm粒级机械稳定性团聚体含量、土壤团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)、>0.25 mm团聚体含量(R_(0.25))和土壤团聚体破坏率(PAD)等机械稳定参数值,而对水稳定性团聚体没有显著影响。随着生物炭添加量的增加,土壤有机碳、全氮含量及C/N值均显著增加,同时各粒级团聚体碳、氮含量均逐渐增加,分别显著降低大团聚体和增加微团聚体的有机碳、氮贡献率。综上,添加生物炭可提高土壤有机碳和氮含量,通过调控土壤机械团聚体各粒级比例从而使得大团聚体有机碳和全氮贡献率降低,中微团聚体则增加,最终降低土壤团聚体机械稳定性。A 6-month short-term incubation trial was conducted in 2021 with five treatments of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g·kg^(-1)(A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5, respectively) of straw biochar added to air-dried red soil vegetable pots. The composition of mechanical stable aggregates and water-stable aggregates and the distribution characteristics of organic carbon and total nitrogen in different size aggregates were analyzed. The results showed that the addition of biochar significantly reduced the content of mechanical stability aggregates at >2 mm particle size, mean mass diameter(MWD), geometric mean diameter(GMD), aggregate content >0.25 mm(R_(0.25)), and percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD) values of soil aggregates, and had no significant effect on water-stable aggregates. With the increase in the amount of biochar added, the content of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and C/N values significantly increased, while the content of carbon and nitrogen in aggregates of various particle sizes gradually increased, respectively reducing the contribution rate of organic carbon and nitrogen in macro aggregates and increasing the contribution rate of macro aggregates. Thus, biochar addition increased soil carbon and nitrogen,mainly by regulating the proportion of soil mechanical aggregates at each grain level,thereby decreasing the contribution of organic carbon and total nitrogen in large aggregates and increasing the contribution of medium and micro aggregates,and decreasing the mechanical stability of soil aggregates.

关 键 词：生物炭 酸性红壤 机械稳定性团聚体 土壤有机碳 全氮 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]