洹北商城与殷墟聚落形态浅析  

A preliminary analysis of human remains from the Yanshi Shang City site

作　　者：何毓灵[1] 徐洪银 HE Yuling;XU Hongyin

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100101 [2]中国社会科学院大学,北京102488

出　　处：《中原文物》2023年第5期88-97,共10页Cultural Relics of Central China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“安阳洹北商城铸铜、制骨、制陶作坊发掘资料整理与研究”(批准号:21ZD&239)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：洹北商城和殷墟是商代都城发展史上的两个重要阶段,其周边聚落既是都城的重要组成部分,也是其历时性变迁的缩影。本文通过梳理既往研究与近年来发现的新材料,结合洹北商城和殷墟聚落形态、功能、等级和性质讨论,认为中晚商时期洹河流域的聚落至少已形成三级差序格局,但都城仍是核心,与以往“一大带众小”的认识相比更丰富、更立体。随着都邑中心由洹北迁移至洹南,次级聚落成为都邑之下的手工业生产中心,分布于洹河两岸的基层聚落数量也保持增加的态势,共同奠定了“大邑商”的基本格局。The Huanbei Shang City stie and Yinxu hold significant historical importance in the development of the Shang Dynasty's capitals.The settlements surrounding these cities not only constitute a crucial component of the capital but also reflect its evolving characteristics over time.This article explores the structural composition and distribution features of settlements during the Middle and Late Shang Dynasties within the Huan River Basin.It delves into various aspects such as settlement form,function,grade,and nature.By examining newly unearthed materials from recent years,this research reveals that the settlements in Huanbei and Yinxu exhibit a distinct three-level hierarchies.Nevertheless,the capital remains at its core,presenting a more intricate and multifaceted layout than the previously perceived notion of a singular large area surrounded by smaller ones.With the shift of the center from the north to the south of the Huan River,secondary settlements transformed into hubs for handicraft production within the city.Furthermore,bottom-level settlements saw a continuous increase in number,extending their presence on both sides of the Huan River.Together,they established the foundational framework of what we now refer to as“The Great Settlement Shang.”

关 键 词：洹北商城 殷墟 聚落形态 三级差序格局 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]