水处理工艺中铝盐水解物的毒性、形态及控制研究进展  

Progress on the toxicity,morphology and control of aluminum salt hydrolysates in water treatment process

作　　者：王敏 毛玉红[1] 陈超 白丹 WANG Min;MAO Yuhong;CHEN Chao;BAI Dan(Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《化工进展》2023年第S01期479-488,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51968038,51468029)。

摘　　要：铝盐混凝剂因其形成絮体大而密实,具有较好的除浊脱色性能,在混凝领域广泛应用,但却存在处理水铝残留问题。本文为更好地促进铝盐混凝剂在水处理领域的应用,详细介绍了铝盐水解物对人体的毒性效应、对输配水管网系统和饮用水深度处理工艺的影响。总结了残留铝生成机理和形态分析方法,阐述了优势形态Al_(13)和Al_(30)的水解过程以及其发挥优势混凝作用的原因。分析了原水水质条件、化学条件、水力条件和前期预处理对残留铝含量的影响。最后,点明了未来控制残留铝的策略和技术。指出未来应结合人工智能复配合成纳米级新型混凝剂,关注混凝过程中水力条件对残留铝的影响,并开发能够精准测量分析水中各类铝形态的方法,不断创新强化净水工艺,进一步完善残留铝控制措施,保障出水水质安全。Aluminum coagulant is widely used in the field of coagulation because of its large and dense flocs,good turbidity and decolorization performance.However,there is a problem of residual aluminum in water treatment.In order to better promote the application of aluminum salt coagulant in the field of water treatment,the toxic effects of aluminum salt hydrolysate on human body,and the influence on water distribution network system and advanced drinking water treatment process were introduced in detail.The formation mechanism and the morphology analysis methods of residual aluminum were summarized.The hydrolysis process of the dominant species belonged to Al_(13) and Al_(30),and the reasons for taking the role advantage in the coagulation were expounded.The effects of raw water quality conditions,chemical conditions,hydraulic conditions and pre-treatment on residual aluminum concentration were analyzed.Finally,the strategies and technologies for controlling residual aluminum in the future were pointed out.It was pointed out that nano-scale new coagulants should be synthesized in combination with artificial intelligence in the future.The influence of hydraulic conditions on residual aluminum during the coagulation process should be paid more attention.It should develop and make an accurate measurement and analysis methods which aimed at various forms of aluminum in water,innovate continuously and strengthen the water purification process,further improve the control measures of residual aluminum,and ensure the safety of effluent water quality.

关 键 词：铝盐混凝剂 残留铝 毒性效应 铝形态 控制策略 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]