自然和社会水循环的能量驱动机制及其综合评价  

Energy driving mechanism of natural and social hydrology cycle and its comprehensive evaluation

作　　者：王庆明[1] 赵勇[1] 王浩[1] 姜珊[1] 朱永楠[1] 何国华[1] 马梦阳 WANG Qingming;ZHAO Yong;WANG Hao;JIANG Shan;ZHU Yongnan;HE Guohua;MA Mengyang(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《水资源保护》2023年第6期1-7,15,共8页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200204);国家自然科学基金项目(52025093)。

摘　　要：为揭示流域自然水循环和社会水循环演变动力机制,基于自然水循环和社会水循环能耗过程解析,研究了能量输入与水循环通量的定量关系。在剖析能量驱动水循环的物理基础、科学内涵和驱动过程的基础上,提出了自然水循环驱动能量和社会水循环驱动能量的评价方法,并在包括海河流域在内的10个全国一级流域应用。结果表明:相变和位移是水循环运动的本质,不同能量对水循环驱动方式具有一致性,单位面积社会水循环与自然水循环的驱动能量比能够反映人类对流域水循环的干扰程度;2020年10个一级流域中海河流域单位面积社会水循环与自然水循环驱动能量比最高(0.19),西南诸河流域最低(0.02),1980—2020年海河流域单位面积社会水循环与自然水循环驱动能量比平均为0.21;人工能量过度输入导致水循环加速是引发社会水系统失衡的主要原因,调控社会水循环输入能量是维系健康水循环的关键。In order to reveal the dynamic mechanism of the evolution of natural and social hydrology cycle,the quantitative relationship between energy input and hydrology circulation flux was studied based on the analysis of energy consumption process of natural and social hydrology cycle.On the basis of analyzing the physical foundation,scientific connotation and driving process of energy-driven hydrology cycle,an evaluation method for natural hydrology cycle driving energy and social hydrology cycle driving energy was proposed,and applied in 10 first-level basins nationwide in China,including the Haihe River Basin.The research results indicate that phase change and displacement are the essence of hydrology cycle movement,and different energies have consistency in the driving mode of water cycle.The driving energy ratio of social hydrology cycle to natural hydrology cycle can reflect the degree of human interference to the hydrology cycle in the watershed.The average driving energy ratio of social hydrology cycle to natural hydrology cycle in the Haihe River Basin from 1980 to 2020 was 0.21.In 2020,the driving energy ratio of social hydrology cycle to natural hydrology cycle in the Haihe River Basin was the highest at 0.19,while the ratio of southwest river basin was the lowest at 0.02.Excessive input of artificial energy accelerates the hydrology cycle,which is the main reason for the imbalance of social water system,and regulating the input energy of social hydrology cycle is the key to maintain a healthy hydrology cycle.

关 键 词：水循环 能量驱动 自然能量 人工能量 海河流域 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]