变电站用铅蓄电池的温度估计与散热仿真  

Temperature estimation and heat dissipation system simulation of VRLA batteries used in substations

作　　者：沈梦甜 康文 夏建勋 王春生[2] 董林 周欣瑶 曹原[2] 陈有根[2] SHEN Mengtian;KANG Wen;XIA Jianxun;WANG Chunsheng;DONG Yaolin;ZHOU Xinyao;CAO Yuan;CHEN Yougen(Ultra High Voltage Substation Company,State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Changsha Hunan 410004;School of Automation,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]国网湖南省电力有限公司超高压变电公司,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南大学自动化学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《蓄电池》2023年第6期283-291,共9页Chinese LABAT Man

基　　金：变电智能运检国家电网湖南省电力有限公司实验室开放性课题《面向新型电力系统的变电站备用电源智能运维及新型架构研究》资助项目。

摘　　要：铅蓄电池作为变电站的主要备用电源,在正常运行中会释放出可观的热量。热量的累积会带来安全问题,且当前变电站铅蓄电池基本不附加散热系统。为了保障变电站铅蓄电池的安全使用,基于卡尔曼滤波算法和电热耦合模型估计电池温度,并设计了一种基于PID控制风扇转速的电池风冷散热系统,通过ANSYS Fluent对散热系统效果进行仿真分析。首先,利用电热耦合模型获取电池单体温度。然后,在此基础上建立电池组散热模型,与未加风冷散热系统的电池组比较温度场分布情况。基于PID控制风扇转速的风冷散热系统与未散热的电池组相比,电池组平均温度下降了9.18℃,且电池组内最大温差下降到原来的30.3%。基于PID控制风扇转速的风冷散热系统可以显著改善电池运行期间的温度状况,降低了局部热失控的风险。As the main backup power supply of substation,VRLA battery will release considerable heat in normal operation.The accumulation of heat will lead to safety problems,and currently substation VRLA battery basically does not attach heat dissipation system.In order to ensure the safe use of substation battery,we estimate the battery temperature based on Kalman filter algorithm and electrothermal coupling model,and design a battery air-cooled cooling system based on PID control,and simulate and analyze the effect of the cooling system by ANSYS Fluent.In this paper,we firstly use the electro-thermal coupling model to obtain the battery individual temperature,and then build a battery pack heat dissipation model on this basis,and compare the temperature field distribution with the battery pack without the air-cooled heat dissipation system.The results show that the air-cooled cooling system can significantly reduce the average battery pack temperature and the maximum temperature difference within the pack compared with the battery pack without cooling,which can significantly improve the temperature condition during battery operation and reduce the risk of local thermal runaway.

关 键 词：变电站 备用电源 铅酸蓄电池 热管理 风冷散热 有限元分析 比例、积分、微分控制 卡尔曼滤波算法 电热耦合模型 热失控 

分 类 号：TM912.1[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]