苜蓿叶粉替代豆粕对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响  

Effect of alfalfa leaf meal on growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs as a substitute for soybean meal

作　　者：王志昌 陆政杭 郭明[1] 史莹华[1,2,3] WANG Zhichang;LU Zhenghang;GUO Ming;SHI Yinghua(College of animal science and technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450002,China;Henan Key laboratory of innovation and utilization of grassland resources,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450002,China;Henan forage engineering technology research center,Zhengzhou,Henan Province 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省草地资源创新与利用重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [3]河南省草业工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第22期319-327,共9页China Feed

基　　金：国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：蛋白质饲料资源短缺已成为限制我国畜牧业发展的瓶颈。因此,开发利用新的蛋白质饲料资源成为目前亟需解决的问题。苜蓿叶粉(ALM)作为一种新型蛋白质饲料原料在育肥猪中的应用尚鲜见报道。本研究旨在探讨用ALM替代育肥猪饲粮豆粕对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响。选取同批次32头初始体重为(67.35±0.70)kg的健康去势公猪,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪。分别饲喂对照组饲粮(CON,由玉米和豆粕组成的饲粮)和替代组饲粮(ALM,在CON基础上由ALM替代饲粮中25%的豆粕)。结果表明:与CON组相比,ALM组料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05),胴体重显著提高(P<0.05)。ALM替代豆粕饲粮育肥猪背最长肌(LD)、肝脏和血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。ALM替代豆粕饲粮可显著提高LD肌内脂肪(IMF)含量、熟肉率、a*(P<0.05),改善LD中的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成。由此可见,ALM饲粮可以提高育肥猪生长性能并改善肉品质。本研究初步证明ALM替代妊娠母猪饲粮豆粕具有可行性,并有望成为畜牧业中的豆粕替代品。The shortage of protein feed resources has become the bottleneck of restricting the development of animal husbandry in China.Exploitation and utilization of new protein feed resources has become an urgency.The application of alfalfa leaf meal(ALM)as a new protein feed in finishing pigs has not been reported.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ALM on growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs.The same batch of 64 healthy castrated boars,with an initial body weight[Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,(67.35±0.70)kg],was randomly assigned into 2 groups,with 4 replications per group and 4 pigs per replication.Pigs received control diet(CON,a corn soybean-meal based diet)and replacement diet(ALM,replacing 25%of soybean meal in CON).The findings showed that compared to CON,ALM reduced the gain/feed(G/F)ratio(P<0.05)and increased carcass weight(P<0.05).ALM significantly increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),glutathjone peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)in longissimus dorsi(LD),liver and serum(P<0.05).ALM increased the intramuscular fat(IMF),cooked meat rate,a*(P<0.05)and improved the composition of amino acids and fatty acids in LD.In summary,ALM promoted growth performance and meat quality of finishing pigs.Our data suggested that it's feasible that ALM could replace the soybean meal in the diet of pregnant sows and ALM may be a potential soybean meal alternative used for protein feed resources in livestock farming.

关 键 词：苜蓿叶粉 育肥猪 肉品质 脂质代谢 氨基酸代谢 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]