基于整网估计的星间链路天线相位中心偏差在轨特性研究  

Research on In-orbit Characteristics of Inter-satellite links Phase Center Offsets Based on Whole-network Estimation

作　　者：李宗楠 徐子晨 林红磊[1] 范磊[2] 叶小舟 鲁祖坤 王飞雪[1] LI Zongnan;XU Zichen;LIN Honglei;FAN Lei;YE Xiaozhou;LU Zukun;WANG Feixue(College of Electronic Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410000,China;Scholol of Electronic Information Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学电子科学学院,长沙410000 [2]北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2023年第11期4060-4071,共12页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

摘　　要：星间链路(ISL)是我国北斗三号克服区域布站、实现高精度服务的关键,其天线相位中心偏差(PCO)在设备出厂时会依据质量、设计姿态进行地面标定,但在卫星发射、入轨及在轨阶段,燃料消耗、天线展开姿态等均会引起卫星质量与姿态的变化,这将导致在轨的PCO与地面标定值不一致,该变化量会作为误差引入到测量值,进而影响卫星轨道确定精度。因此,该文研究了在轨卫星的星间链路天线相位中心偏差标定方法,联合星间、星地观测,建立了基于整网估计的星间链路天线相位中心偏差在轨估计方法,并利用两周的实测数据进行对北斗三号所有中轨卫星(MEO)进行验证,同时结合卫星生产商、轨道面进行在轨特性的详细分析,最后验证了其对轨道确定精度的影响。结果表明,该文方法可有效估计在轨卫星星间链路天线相位中心偏差,并发现,卫星在轨后大部分卫星的星间链路天线相位中心偏差基本与地面一致,但C36,C37,C41,C42卫星在Z方向与地面标定值存在15 cm左右的偏差,C25,C26,C43,C44在Y轴上存在符号相反的现象,且数值上有10 cm左右的偏差,C25,C26卫星在Z方向上存在近30 cm的偏差,正确标定在轨卫星星间链路天线相位中心偏差后,相比地面标定产品,轨道精度可提升15%。The Inter Satellite Links(ISL)is the key for China's Beidou-3 to overcome regional station deployment and achieve high-precision services.Its antenna Phase Center Offsets(PCO)is calibrated on the ground based on satellite mass and designed attitude when the equipment leaves the factory.However,fuel consumption,antenna deployment attitude,and other factors can cause changes in satellite mass and attitude during satellite launch,orbit entry,and in orbit stages,which will result in inconsistent values of antenna phase center deviation in orbit with ground calibration values.This change will be introduced as an error into the measurement value,thereby affecting the accuracy of satellite orbit determination.Therefore,this article studies the calibration method for the PCO of the inter-satellite links of in-orbit satellites.By combining with inter-satellite and satellite-ground observations,an in-orbit estimation method is established based on wholenetwork estimation.Two weeks of measured data are used to verify for all Medium Earth Orbit satellites(MEO)of Beidou-3,and a detailed analysis of in-orbit characteristics is conducted in conjunction with satellite manufacturers and orbital surfaces.Finally,its impact on the accuracy of orbit determination is verified.Results show that method proposed in this paper can effectively estimate the PCO of the inter-satellite links antenna in-orbit.It is found that the PCO of the inter-satellite links antenna in most in-orbit satellites is basically consistent with the values on the ground.However,C36,C37,C41,and C42 satellites have a deviation of about 15 cm from the ground calibration value in the Z-direction.Satellites C25,C26,C43 and C44 have opposite signs on the Y-direction,and there is a deviation of about 10 cm in the numerical value.Satellite C25,C26 have a deviation of nearly 30 cm in the Z-direction.After correctly calibrating the PCO of the intersatellite links antenna in-orbit,the orbit accuracy can be improved by 15%compared to ground calibration products.

关 键 词：星间链路 天线相位中心偏差 整网估计 在轨 标定 

分 类 号：TN961[电子电信—信号与信息处理]